Cell Biology Flashcards
0
Q
How are there limitations on cell size?
A
- the rate of metabolic reactions in the cytoplasm is proportional to the volume of the cell
- substances must be absorbed into the cell and waste products removed, the rate of which depends on the SA
- the larger the animal, the smaller the SA:vol ratio, so the slower the metabolic rate
1
Q
What is the cell theory? Exceptions?
A
- Cells are the fundamental building blocks of all living organisms
- smallest unit of life
- cells are derived from other cells by the division of pre existing cells
Exceptions: striated muscle cells, fungal hyphae, giant algae cell
2
Q
Features of prokaryotic cells?
A
- cell division by binary fission
- cell wall to keep structure
- plasma membrane
- cytoplasm
- pili to attach to other cells
- flagella for movement
- 70S ribosomes to make protein
- nucleiod (naked DNA)
- plasmids (circular DNA)
3
Q
Features of eukaryotic cells?
A
- contains nucleus and organelles (eg. Mitochondria)
- DNA is linear
- 80S ribosomes
- cell division is by mitosis/meiosis
- asexual + sexual reproduction
4
Q
Levels of biological organisation
A
Biosphere Ecosystems Communities Populations Organisms Organ systems Organs Tissues Cells Organelles Molecules
