cc2 - cell structure + organisation Flashcards
eukaryotic cell
cell containing true nucleus + membrane bound organelles
structure of nucleus
surrounded by nuclear envelope - semi permeable + double membraned
nuclear pores - allow substance to enter/exit
dense nucleolus - (made of RNA + proteins) assembles ribosomes
function if nucleus
contains DNA coiled around chromatin into chromosomes
coordinates cellular activity
chromatin
DNA-protein complex in eukaryotic cells
structure of mitochondria
surrounded by double membrane, mitochondrial envelope
folded inner membrane forms cristae (large SA)
fluid matrix contains mitochondrial DNA, respiratory enzymes, lipids + proteins
function of mitochondria
site of aerobic respiration producing ATP
structure of endoplasmic reticulum
series of flattened membrane bound sacs (cisternae) within cytoplasm, continuous w/ nuclear envelope
two types: rough er + smooth er
function if smooth er
lipid synthesis
function of rough er
many ribosomes attached for protein synthesis + transport
structure of ribosomes
made of rRNA and proteins
found free in cytoplasm or associated w/ RER
function of ribosomes
protein synthesis (translation)
- large subunit joins amino acids
- small subunit reads RNA
structure of golgi body
planar stack of membrane bound organelles, flattened sacs
cis face aligns w/ rer
molecules processed in cisternae
vesicles bud of trans face via exocytosis
fuction of golgi body
modifies + packages proteins for export
synthesises glycoproteins
structure + function if lysosomes
fluid filled vesicles surrounded by single membrane, contains enzymes
role in phagocytosis, digest unwanted materials in cytoplasm
structure of centrioles
cylindrical
organised into microtubules in a 9+0 pattern
found in pairs in centrosomes
function of centrioles
migrate to opp poles of cells in prophase
involved in organisation of spindle fibres