c2.1 - biodiversity + classifications Flashcards
define classification
process of naming + organising organisms into groups based on characteristics + evolutionary history
can classification of organisms change
yes
changes as new info becomes available
name the 7 groups in hierarchy of taxons, largest y to smallest
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
what’s the 5 kingdom classification system
classification of organisms into 5 major kingdoms:
animalia, fungi, plantae, prokaryotae, protoctista
what’s the 3 domain classification system
method of classification where organisms categorised into 3 groups:
arcane, bacteria, eukarya
how was the 3 domain system developed
- by analysing molecular differences between organisms to determine evolutionary relationships
- evidence showed the kingdom ‘prokaryotae’ could be divided in 2 groups, all other organisms are eukaryotes
what do organisms in same domain have in common
organisms in same domain share distinctive pattern of ribosomal RNA
what is bacteria
- one of 3 domains
- consists of ‘true’ bacteria
- also known as eubacteria
what is archaea
- one of 3 domains
- made o primitive bacteria existing in extreme environments, e.g: extremophile prokaryotes
- also known as archaebacteria
what is eukarya
- one of 3 domains
- consists of all eukaryotic organisms
outline features of kingdom prokaryotae
- unicellular prokaryotes
- lack true nucleus + membrane bound organelles
- rigid cell wall
outline features of kingdom plantae
- multicellular eukaryotes
- photoautotrophs
- cellulose cell walls
outline features of kingdom animalia
- multicellular eukaryotes
- no cell wall
- heterotrophic
- nervous coordination
outline features of kingdom fungi
- eukaryotes
- heterotrophic
- chitin cell walls
- grow by producing branching filaments, hyphae
- asexual reproduction via spores
outline features of kingdom protoctista
- mainly unicellular eukaryotes
- no differentiation into tissues