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Army Promotion Board > CBRN > Flashcards

CBRN Flashcards

1
Q

What does CBRN stand for?

A

Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear.

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2
Q

What does WMD stand for?

A

Weapons of Mass Destruction

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3
Q

What are WMDs?

A

CBRN weapons that are capable of causing a high order of destruction or mass casualties. WMD
can include high-yield explosives

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4
Q

What is the key distinction between WMD and CBRN?

A

WMD refers to the actual weapon, while CBRN refers to the contamination or effects resulting
from the employment of WMD and from the dispersal of CBRN materials

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5
Q

What is current U.S. policy on the use of nuclear weapons?

A

“The United States may use nuclear weapons to terminate a conflict or war at the lowest
acceptable level of hostilities.”

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6
Q

What is current U.S. policy on the use of chemical and biological weapons?

A

“The United States will never use chemical or biological weapons.”

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7
Q

What are the two types of CBRN defensive operations and what is the difference between them?

A

Active defense - measures taken to defeat an attack with CBRN weapons by employing actions
to divert, neutralize, or destroy those weapons or their means of delivery while en route to their
target
• Passive defense - measures taken to minimize or negate the vulnerability to, and effects of,
CBRN attacks

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8
Q

What are the three principles of CBRN passive defense?

A

Contamination avoidance
• Protection
• Decontamination

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9
Q

Contamination avoidance involves both passive and active defensive measures. What are some
examples of passive-defense measures?

A

Those measures taken to avoid being targeted and hit by a weapon system: operational security,
camouflage and concealment, light discipline, hardening positions, dispersion of service
members and equipment

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10
Q

What is meant by the term “chemical agent?”

A

It is a chemical substance that is intended for use in military operations to kill, seriously injure,
or incapacitate, mainly through physiological effects

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11
Q

What is a “radiological hazard?”

A

Any electromagnetic or particulate radiation that is capable of producing ions to cause damage,
injury, or destruction. Radiological material causes physiological damage through the ionizing
effects of neutron, gamma, beta, and alpha radiation (also referred to as ionizing radiation)

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12
Q

What are the three general methods of disseminating biological agents?

A

Aerosol, vector, and covert

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13
Q

What are some examples of aerosol dissemination of biological agents?

A

Ground- or air-bursting munitions, aircraft spray tanks, or boat- or truck-mounted aerosol
generators

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14
Q

What is meant by “vector” dissemination?

A

The delivery of biological agents by the use of vectors – such as fleas, ticks, lice, and mosquitoes

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15
Q

What is meant by “covert” dissemination?

A

The use of sabotage and terrorist personnel to contaminate targets. Targets may include
harvest, processing, distribution, and preparation points, as well as water reservoirs

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16
Q

What is nuclear “fallout”?

A

Fallout is the arrival and settling of dust-like particles following a nuclear burst. These particles
should be assumed to be radioactive

17
Q

Biological agents can be placed into two broad categories. What are they?

A

Pathogens and toxins

18
Q

What are the two basic types of toxins?

A

Neurotoxins - disrupt nerve impulses
• Cytotoxins - destroy cells by disrupting cell respiration and metabolism

19
Q

What are the most effective protective measures against biological agents?

A

Up-to-date immunizations, good hygiene, area sanitation, physical conditioning, DOD insect
repellant, and proper NBC training

20
Q

Biological agents can be disseminated in what three forms?

A

Aerosols
Liquid droplets
Dry powder

21
Q

Chemical agents can exist in one of what four forms (depending on temperature)?

A

Vapors
Solids
Liquids
Gases (or aerosols)

22
Q

Threat forces classify chemical agents according to their effect on the body. What are the five major
types of chemical agents classified by threat forces?

A

Nerve
Blood
Blister
Incapacitating
Choking agents

23
Q

What is “MOPP”?

A

Mission Oriented Protective Posture

It is a flexible system of protection against nuclear, biological, and chemical contamination

24
Q

How many levels of MOPP are there? Describe them.

A

Six
• MOPP Ready – carry mask; IPE nearby
• MOPP 0 – carry mask; IPE available
• MOPP 1 – don overgarment
• MOPP 2 – don protective boots
• MOPP 3 – don protective mask
• MOPP 4 – don protective gloves

25
Q

What is meant by “IPE nearby” in MOPP Ready?

A

Individual MOPP gear is labeled and stored no farther back than a logistics site and is ready to
be brought forward to the individual when needed. Pushing MOPP gear forward should not
exceed 2 hours. A second set of IPE must be available within 6 hours

26
Q

What is meant by “IPE available” in MOPP 0?

A

To be considered readily available, equipment must be carried by each individual, stored within
arm’s reach, or be available within 5 minutes

27
Q

When properly fitted and worn, the protective mask will protect the wearer against what?

A

Field concentrations of all known chemical and biological agents in vapor or aerosol form

28
Q

The protective mask will not protect against what two types of gases?

A

Ammonia vapors or carbon monoxide

29
Q

What is the standard time allowed for the donning of the M50-series protective mask?

A

9 seconds

30
Q

What is JSLIST?

A

Joint Service Lightweight Integrated Suit Technology

31
Q

When the JSLIST is removed from the package, how long will it retain its protective qualities?

A

120 days

32
Q

When the JSLIST is removed from the package AND worn, how long will it retain its protective
qualities (wear time)?

A

45 days

33
Q

Once the JSLIST is contaminated, how long will it provide protection?

A

About 24 hours

34
Q

What is M9 Chemical Agent Detector Paper?

A

2” wide detector paper and a resalable plastic storage bag. It has an adhesive backing for
attaching to equipment and clothing and it is used to detect the presence of liquid chemical
agents and aerosols. The paper indicates the presence of liquid V, G, H, and L agents by turning pink, red, reddish brown, or red-purple in color

35
Q

When attaching M9 Chemical Agent Detector Paper to clothing, where should it be placed?

A

On opposite sides of the body. If you are right-handed, place a strip of M9 paper around your right upper arm, left wrist, and right ankle. If you are left-handed, place the M9 paper around
your left upper arm, right wrist, and left ankle

Army Promotion Board (25 decks)

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