CBC Interpretation Flashcards
Erythryocytes
RBCs; most abundant cell in the body which does tissue oxygenation by carrying hemoglobin; measured in hematocrit and hemoglobin
Hematocrit (HCT)
% of RBCs in drawn blood; M 41-50%, F 36-44%
Leukocytes
WBCs; protect/immune function/inflammation
Granulocytes
have nucleus; have granules that release inflammatory mediators/immunity; includes neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
Agranulocytes
cell with nucleus and few granules; don’t release mediators but still participate in immunity; includes lymphocytes and macrocytes
Neutrophils
(50-67%) most prevalent; first at site of inflam, consists of bands and segs; inc with acute bac infections and trauma
bands
immature neutrophils; “shift to the left” means an inc number of bands–indicates early stage of infection
segs
mature neutrophils
lymphocytes
(24-40%) primary cells of immune response (B and T cells, NK cells); inc with chronic bac infx (MRSA) and acute viral infx; mostly in lymphoid tissues
Monocytes/macrophages
(4-9%) perform phagocytosis; eat and b/d waste and bac; inc with bac infx and dec with cancer; release some cytokines
Eosinophils
(0-39%) worms, wheezes, and weird diseases; inc with allergies rxn or parasitic infection; role in phagocytosis of antigen antibody rxns (allergis)
basophils
(4-9%) inc with allergic rxn (hypersensitivities, inflam reaction), contain histamine
Monocytes mature into…
macrophages
hemoglobin (Hgb)
tissue oxygenation; measures amount of Hgb in blood (O2 carrying capacity); M13.5-17.5, F12-15.5
What dec hemoglobin
bleeding, folate, B12 deficit, cancer, kidney, liver disease
What inc hemoglobin
uncommon; polycthemia, COPD, high altitude, heavy smoking
hematocrit increases with…
polycthemia, COPD, dehydration, shock, congenital heart disease
low hematocrit
anemia, bleeding, blood dx, FLUID IMBALANCE
red blood cell count
of erythrocytes in blood
mean corpuscle volume (MCV)
size of erythrocytes, rare, seen with some anemia
mean corpuscle hemoglobin (MCH)
amt of Hgb in erythrocyte by wt; rare, seen with some anemia
WBC total count
5-10k/mm3 is normal
leukocytosis
inc WBCs
leukopenia
dec leukocytes; under 5000
neutropenia
low neutrophils
total counts
degree of immune response to a pathological process (mild vs more)
CBC includes…
WBCs, platelets, RBCs, Hct, Hgb
WBC w/ Diff (CBC with Diff)
tells which WBC is elevated/changed; means an inc in one type NOT a dec in another type
Parts of CBC with Diff
total # WBCs in mm3 (absolute #) AND proportion of each of the WBCs in a sample of 100 WBCs
How does inc temp affect infection?
body’s protective response; stops or dec growth of microorgs, inc immune response, dec virulence of some bac
Neutropenia char
determined by absolute neutrophil count (ANC); under 1000; most often in cancer pt from disease or tx; sus to bac infx (can be life-threatening)
neutropenic precautions
good hygiene, avoid contact with ppl who are sick, avoid raw fruits, veg, grains, keep door closed
Filgrastim (Neupogen)
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) class; hematopoietic agent; leukopoietic growth factor produced by recombinant DNA tech
FIlgrastim MOA
promotes proliferation, differentiation, activation of cells that make granuloyctes
Filgrastim indx
malignancies, chemo-induced leukoepnia, bone marrow transplant, harvesting of hematopoietic stem cells, chronic neutropenia
Filgrastim SE and NC
IV and SQ; bone pain, leukocytosis
Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta)
long acting derivative of fligrastim that inc production of neutrophils
Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta) SE and NC
SQ; causes bone pain; long half life so don’t give often
