CBC Interpretation

Question 1

Erythryocytes

Answer 1

RBCs; most abundant cell in the body which does tissue oxygenation by carrying hemoglobin; measured in hematocrit and hemoglobin

Question 2

Hematocrit (HCT)

Answer 2

% of RBCs in drawn blood; M 41-50%, F 36-44%

Question 3

Leukocytes

Answer 3

WBCs; protect/immune function/inflammation

Question 4

Granulocytes

Answer 4

have nucleus; have granules that release inflammatory mediators/immunity; includes neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Question 5

Agranulocytes

Answer 5

cell with nucleus and few granules; don’t release mediators but still participate in immunity; includes lymphocytes and macrocytes

Question 6

Neutrophils

Answer 6

(50-67%) most prevalent; first at site of inflam, consists of bands and segs; inc with acute bac infections and trauma

Question 7

bands

Answer 7

immature neutrophils; “shift to the left” means an inc number of bands–indicates early stage of infection

Question 8

segs

Answer 8

mature neutrophils

Question 9

lymphocytes

Answer 9

(24-40%) primary cells of immune response (B and T cells, NK cells); inc with chronic bac infx (MRSA) and acute viral infx; mostly in lymphoid tissues

Question 10

Monocytes/macrophages

Answer 10

(4-9%) perform phagocytosis; eat and b/d waste and bac; inc with bac infx and dec with cancer; release some cytokines

Question 11

Eosinophils

Answer 11

(0-39%) worms, wheezes, and weird diseases; inc with allergies rxn or parasitic infection; role in phagocytosis of antigen antibody rxns (allergis)

Question 12

basophils

Answer 12

(4-9%) inc with allergic rxn (hypersensitivities, inflam reaction), contain histamine

Question 13

Monocytes mature into…

Answer 13

macrophages

Question 14

hemoglobin (Hgb)

Answer 14

tissue oxygenation; measures amount of Hgb in blood (O2 carrying capacity); M13.5-17.5, F12-15.5

Question 15

What dec hemoglobin

Answer 15

bleeding, folate, B12 deficit, cancer, kidney, liver disease

Question 16

What inc hemoglobin

Answer 16

uncommon; polycthemia, COPD, high altitude, heavy smoking

Question 17

hematocrit increases with…

Answer 17

polycthemia, COPD, dehydration, shock, congenital heart disease

Question 18

low hematocrit

Answer 18

anemia, bleeding, blood dx, FLUID IMBALANCE

Question 19

red blood cell count

Answer 19

of erythrocytes in blood

Question 20

mean corpuscle volume (MCV)

Answer 20

size of erythrocytes, rare, seen with some anemia

Question 21

mean corpuscle hemoglobin (MCH)

Answer 21

amt of Hgb in erythrocyte by wt; rare, seen with some anemia

Question 22

WBC total count

Answer 22

5-10k/mm3 is normal

Question 23

leukocytosis

Answer 23

inc WBCs

Question 24

leukopenia

Answer 24

dec leukocytes; under 5000

Question 25

neutropenia

Answer 25

low neutrophils

Question 26

total counts

Answer 26

degree of immune response to a pathological process (mild vs more)

Question 27

CBC includes...

Answer 27

WBCs, platelets, RBCs, Hct, Hgb

Question 28

WBC w/ Diff (CBC with Diff)

Answer 28

tells which WBC is elevated/changed; means an inc in one type NOT a dec in another type

Question 29

Parts of CBC with Diff

Answer 29

total # WBCs in mm3 (absolute #) AND proportion of each of the WBCs in a sample of 100 WBCs

Question 30

How does inc temp affect infection?

Answer 30

body's protective response; stops or dec growth of microorgs, inc immune response, dec virulence of some bac

Question 31

Neutropenia char

Answer 31

determined by absolute neutrophil count (ANC); under 1000; most often in cancer pt from disease or tx; sus to bac infx (can be life-threatening)

Question 32

neutropenic precautions

Answer 32

good hygiene, avoid contact with ppl who are sick, avoid raw fruits, veg, grains, keep door closed

Question 33

Filgrastim (Neupogen)

Answer 33

Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) class; hematopoietic agent; leukopoietic growth factor produced by recombinant DNA tech

Question 34

FIlgrastim MOA

Answer 34

promotes proliferation, differentiation, activation of cells that make granuloyctes

Question 35

Filgrastim indx

Answer 35

malignancies, chemo-induced leukoepnia, bone marrow transplant, harvesting of hematopoietic stem cells, chronic neutropenia

Question 36

Filgrastim SE and NC

Answer 36

IV and SQ; bone pain, leukocytosis

Question 37

Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta)

Answer 37

long acting derivative of fligrastim that inc production of neutrophils

Question 38

Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta) SE and NC

Answer 38

SQ; causes bone pain; long half life so don't give often