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PATHO > CBC Interpretation > Flashcards

CBC Interpretation Flashcards

1
Q

Erythryocytes

A

RBCs; most abundant cell in the body which does tissue oxygenation by carrying hemoglobin; measured in hematocrit and hemoglobin

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2
Q

Hematocrit (HCT)

A

% of RBCs in drawn blood; M 41-50%, F 36-44%

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3
Q

Leukocytes

A

WBCs; protect/immune function/inflammation

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4
Q

Granulocytes

A

have nucleus; have granules that release inflammatory mediators/immunity; includes neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

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5
Q

Agranulocytes

A

cell with nucleus and few granules; don’t release mediators but still participate in immunity; includes lymphocytes and macrocytes

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6
Q

Neutrophils

A

(50-67%) most prevalent; first at site of inflam, consists of bands and segs; inc with acute bac infections and trauma

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7
Q

bands

A

immature neutrophils; “shift to the left” means an inc number of bands–indicates early stage of infection

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8
Q

segs

A

mature neutrophils

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9
Q

lymphocytes

A

(24-40%) primary cells of immune response (B and T cells, NK cells); inc with chronic bac infx (MRSA) and acute viral infx; mostly in lymphoid tissues

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10
Q

Monocytes/macrophages

A

(4-9%) perform phagocytosis; eat and b/d waste and bac; inc with bac infx and dec with cancer; release some cytokines

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11
Q

Eosinophils

A

(0-39%) worms, wheezes, and weird diseases; inc with allergies rxn or parasitic infection; role in phagocytosis of antigen antibody rxns (allergis)

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12
Q

basophils

A

(4-9%) inc with allergic rxn (hypersensitivities, inflam reaction), contain histamine

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13
Q

Monocytes mature into…

A

macrophages

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14
Q

hemoglobin (Hgb)

A

tissue oxygenation; measures amount of Hgb in blood (O2 carrying capacity); M13.5-17.5, F12-15.5

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15
Q

What dec hemoglobin

A

bleeding, folate, B12 deficit, cancer, kidney, liver disease

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16
Q

What inc hemoglobin

A

uncommon; polycthemia, COPD, high altitude, heavy smoking

17
Q

hematocrit increases with…

A

polycthemia, COPD, dehydration, shock, congenital heart disease

18
Q

low hematocrit

A

anemia, bleeding, blood dx, FLUID IMBALANCE

19
Q

red blood cell count

A

of erythrocytes in blood

20
Q

mean corpuscle volume (MCV)

A

size of erythrocytes, rare, seen with some anemia

21
Q

mean corpuscle hemoglobin (MCH)

A

amt of Hgb in erythrocyte by wt; rare, seen with some anemia

22
Q

WBC total count

A

5-10k/mm3 is normal

23
Q

leukocytosis

A

inc WBCs

24
Q

leukopenia

A

dec leukocytes; under 5000

25
Q

neutropenia

A

low neutrophils

26
Q

total counts

A

degree of immune response to a pathological process (mild vs more)

27
Q

CBC includes…

A

WBCs, platelets, RBCs, Hct, Hgb

28
Q

WBC w/ Diff (CBC with Diff)

A

tells which WBC is elevated/changed; means an inc in one type NOT a dec in another type

29
Q

Parts of CBC with Diff

A

total # WBCs in mm3 (absolute #) AND proportion of each of the WBCs in a sample of 100 WBCs

30
Q

How does inc temp affect infection?

A

body’s protective response; stops or dec growth of microorgs, inc immune response, dec virulence of some bac

31
Q

Neutropenia char

A

determined by absolute neutrophil count (ANC); under 1000; most often in cancer pt from disease or tx; sus to bac infx (can be life-threatening)

32
Q

neutropenic precautions

A

good hygiene, avoid contact with ppl who are sick, avoid raw fruits, veg, grains, keep door closed

33
Q

Filgrastim (Neupogen)

A

Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) class; hematopoietic agent; leukopoietic growth factor produced by recombinant DNA tech

34
Q

FIlgrastim MOA

A

promotes proliferation, differentiation, activation of cells that make granuloyctes

35
Q

Filgrastim indx

A

malignancies, chemo-induced leukoepnia, bone marrow transplant, harvesting of hematopoietic stem cells, chronic neutropenia

36
Q

Filgrastim SE and NC

A

IV and SQ; bone pain, leukocytosis

37
Q

Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta)

A

long acting derivative of fligrastim that inc production of neutrophils

38
Q

Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta) SE and NC

A

SQ; causes bone pain; long half life so don’t give often

PATHO (32 decks)

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