CASE STUDY - Hulme (City Challenge) Flashcards
What is an example of a city challenge?
The Hulme, Manchester
How many cities challenge schemes took place between 1992 and 1998?
31
How much money was given by the government?
£1 billion
What issues did the Hulme have?
In the early 19th century, overcrowding was an issue and poorly built. Social housing became common.
When was the area cleared for redevelopment?
1960s
What was billed to replace the 19th century social housing?
Tower Blocks and tall buildings
How much was invested in the regeneration of the Hulme?
£37.5 million
How was housing changed?
Tower, blocks, demolished, and a variety of new houses built? A mixture of council owned and private residences to provide for current residents and outside buyers.
How was recreation changed?
The main shopping area was refurbish and the arts, venue and community centre were created
How was business and investment improved?
The business Park was built to encourage private investment in the area
How has the population changed?
Its grew by an estimated 3.2% between 1992, and 2002, compared to a 0. 2% in rest of city.
How did unemployment change?
Fell from 32% to 6% in 20 years
What percentage of people still live in social housing?
47.5%
What aspects of areas have not changed?
House prices have alienated locals as gentrification occurs.
Unemployment is still high compared to the rest of the city.
How much higher than the national average of a crime rates?
30x
What was the Hulme known as?
The most deprived area in Manchester
How has the scheme improve social aspects?
People feel safe as they look out for each other, neighbours get on and more privacy
How are the new house is better for the environment?
They were more energy efficient, conserve water, better save the gas, electricity, and water bills are lower
How many jobs were created?
53,000
How many new businesses were established?
3000
How successful was the project?
The local area was improved and the population increased, but there are still people in poverty and the locals were prized out of the area
In the 1930s how many people lived thee?
130,000
What was it like in the 1930s?
- Traditional WC area
- very poor housing, inc back to back
What happened in the 1950s?
Slum clearance
Hat happened in the 1960s
Redeveloped for 12,000 people - deck-access flats and pedestrian segregation
What were the major problems with Hulme?
- Infestation
- Poor heating
- Unemployment (39%)
What scheme was used for development?
City Challenge Partnership
City Challenge Partnerships
- Designed by local authorities to gain funding
- Addresses weaknesses of early regeneration
- More organised
- Equal important to buildings, people and values
What was the focus of the partnership in Hulme?
Housing
Before redevelopment, how many were claiming benefits?
Over 60%
What % were residents more likley to be mugged before redevelopment?
30%
Before redevelopment, how many times more likley were people stressed?
3x
Before redevelopment, what was the unemployment rate?
Nearly 40%
Before redevlopment what was Hulme isolated from?
Manchester City centre
Before redevelopment, what did flats suffer from? (3)
- Pest infestations
- Pooor heating
- Poor child safety
Before redevelopment,what did the flats symbolise?
Symbol of 1960s system built housing failures
What was the budget for city challenge in Hulme?
£35m budget
Who did the city challenge partner with?
- AMEC Regeneration
- Hulme regeneration Limited
What did Hulme propose to do?
- Redevelop as an ordinary mixed neighbourhood
- Reopen the area to traffic
- Create sites for employment
How much money was received in public and private investment?
£400 million
How much money came from the government as a part of the City Challenge Partnership?
£34 million
What was done to improve community?
Zion Centre - a flag ship arts and community centre
How many new homes were built?
2000+
What did the redevelopment do to the infrastructure? (5)
- Deck access flats were demolished
- Construction of the Hulme Arch Bridge
- New road infrastructure
- Birley Fields - new business park
- New parks
Hulme achievement (3)
- High quality design of housing
- Environmental improvements ]
- Integration along with the rest of the city
What have unemployment levels declined top after redevelopment?
7%
After redevelopment what was deprivation like?
Level of deprivation has improved compared to the rest of the city
WHat did the redevlopment attract?
New high tech industries
What % of housing are still socially rented?
64%
After redevelopment, how has population changed compared to the rest of the city?
Has increased by 3% (re-urbanisation) compared with 0.2% increase for those whole city
How has housing changed through the redevelopment?
- Dramatic diversification of housing stock
- New, improved housing whether socially rented or privately etc proved popular
- Socially rented homes have remained affordable
What was the issue with house prices after the redevelopment?
Private home prices have risen faster than city average forcing locals out
After redevelopment, what % do young professional;s make up and what is the impact of this?
Young professionals make up 30% increasing house price
What have not appeared on the expected scale?
Small retailers and entertainment services
Why has unemployment failed after redevelopment?
Still higher than national average
What was housing stock like after city challenge?
Dramatic diversification
What new housing association homes remain after redevelopment?
Affordable
What did the area become after city challenge?
More attractive to live in
What does competitive bidding in the scheme encourage?
New thinking and imagining ideas
What attracted private investors to city challenge?
the competitive nature of the building
Across city challenge how many houses we’re improved?
40,000
Across city challenge how many jobs were created?
53,000
Across city challenge how many businesses were established?
3,200
Why is the bidding pro0cess unfair in city challenge?
Money was allocated based on the strength of the bid
What are the issues with city challenge?
- Pitched neighbouring areas against each others when they could have worked together
- All successful bids received the same sum of money despite the fact areas were more deprived than others
