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Human Geography: CUE > CASE STUDY - Hulme (City Challenge) > Flashcards

CASE STUDY - Hulme (City Challenge) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an example of a city challenge?

A

The Hulme, Manchester

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2
Q

How many cities challenge schemes took place between 1992 and 1998?

A

31

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3
Q

How much money was given by the government?

A

£1 billion

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4
Q

What issues did the Hulme have?

A

In the early 19th century, overcrowding was an issue and poorly built. Social housing became common.

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5
Q

When was the area cleared for redevelopment?

A

1960s

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6
Q

What was billed to replace the 19th century social housing?

A

Tower Blocks and tall buildings

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7
Q

How much was invested in the regeneration of the Hulme?

A

£37.5 million

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8
Q

How was housing changed?

A

Tower, blocks, demolished, and a variety of new houses built? A mixture of council owned and private residences to provide for current residents and outside buyers.

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9
Q

How was recreation changed?

A

The main shopping area was refurbish and the arts, venue and community centre were created

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10
Q

How was business and investment improved?

A

The business Park was built to encourage private investment in the area

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11
Q

How has the population changed?

A

Its grew by an estimated 3.2% between 1992, and 2002, compared to a 0. 2% in rest of city.

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12
Q

How did unemployment change?

A

Fell from 32% to 6% in 20 years

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13
Q

What percentage of people still live in social housing?

A

47.5%

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14
Q

What aspects of areas have not changed?

A

House prices have alienated locals as gentrification occurs.
Unemployment is still high compared to the rest of the city.

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15
Q

How much higher than the national average of a crime rates?

A

30x

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16
Q

What was the Hulme known as?

A

The most deprived area in Manchester

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17
Q

How has the scheme improve social aspects?

A

People feel safe as they look out for each other, neighbours get on and more privacy

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18
Q

How are the new house is better for the environment?

A

They were more energy efficient, conserve water, better save the gas, electricity, and water bills are lower

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19
Q

How many jobs were created?

A

53,000

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20
Q

How many new businesses were established?

A

3000

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21
Q

How successful was the project?

A

The local area was improved and the population increased, but there are still people in poverty and the locals were prized out of the area

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22
Q

In the 1930s how many people lived thee?

A

130,000

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23
Q

What was it like in the 1930s?

A
  • Traditional WC area
  • very poor housing, inc back to back
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24
Q

What happened in the 1950s?

A

Slum clearance

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25
Q

Hat happened in the 1960s

A

Redeveloped for 12,000 people - deck-access flats and pedestrian segregation

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26
Q

What were the major problems with Hulme?

A
  • Infestation
  • Poor heating
  • Unemployment (39%)
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27
Q

What scheme was used for development?

A

City Challenge Partnership

28
Q

City Challenge Partnerships

A
  • Designed by local authorities to gain funding
  • Addresses weaknesses of early regeneration
  • More organised
  • Equal important to buildings, people and values
29
Q

What was the focus of the partnership in Hulme?

A

Housing

30
Q

Before redevelopment, how many were claiming benefits?

A

Over 60%

31
Q

What % were residents more likley to be mugged before redevelopment?

A

30%

32
Q

Before redevelopment, how many times more likley were people stressed?

A

3x

33
Q

Before redevelopment, what was the unemployment rate?

A

Nearly 40%

34
Q

Before redevlopment what was Hulme isolated from?

A

Manchester City centre

35
Q

Before redevelopment, what did flats suffer from? (3)

A
  • Pest infestations
  • Pooor heating
  • Poor child safety
36
Q

Before redevelopment,what did the flats symbolise?

A

Symbol of 1960s system built housing failures

37
Q

What was the budget for city challenge in Hulme?

A

£35m budget

38
Q

Who did the city challenge partner with?

A
  • AMEC Regeneration
  • Hulme regeneration Limited
39
Q

What did Hulme propose to do?

A
  • Redevelop as an ordinary mixed neighbourhood
  • Reopen the area to traffic
  • Create sites for employment
40
Q

How much money was received in public and private investment?

A

£400 million

41
Q

How much money came from the government as a part of the City Challenge Partnership?

A

£34 million

42
Q

What was done to improve community?

A

Zion Centre - a flag ship arts and community centre

43
Q

How many new homes were built?

A

2000+

44
Q

What did the redevelopment do to the infrastructure? (5)

A
  • Deck access flats were demolished
  • Construction of the Hulme Arch Bridge
  • New road infrastructure
  • Birley Fields - new business park
  • New parks
45
Q

Hulme achievement (3)

A
  • High quality design of housing
  • Environmental improvements ]
  • Integration along with the rest of the city
46
Q

What have unemployment levels declined top after redevelopment?

A

7%

47
Q

After redevelopment what was deprivation like?

A

Level of deprivation has improved compared to the rest of the city

48
Q

WHat did the redevlopment attract?

A

New high tech industries

49
Q

What % of housing are still socially rented?

A

64%

50
Q

After redevelopment, how has population changed compared to the rest of the city?

A

Has increased by 3% (re-urbanisation) compared with 0.2% increase for those whole city

51
Q

How has housing changed through the redevelopment?

A
  • Dramatic diversification of housing stock
  • New, improved housing whether socially rented or privately etc proved popular
  • Socially rented homes have remained affordable
52
Q

What was the issue with house prices after the redevelopment?

A

Private home prices have risen faster than city average forcing locals out

53
Q

After redevelopment, what % do young professional;s make up and what is the impact of this?

A

Young professionals make up 30% increasing house price

54
Q

What have not appeared on the expected scale?

A

Small retailers and entertainment services

55
Q

Why has unemployment failed after redevelopment?

A

Still higher than national average

56
Q

What was housing stock like after city challenge?

A

Dramatic diversification

57
Q

What new housing association homes remain after redevelopment?

A

Affordable

58
Q

What did the area become after city challenge?

A

More attractive to live in

59
Q

What does competitive bidding in the scheme encourage?

A

New thinking and imagining ideas

60
Q

What attracted private investors to city challenge?

A

the competitive nature of the building

61
Q

Across city challenge how many houses we’re improved?

A

40,000

62
Q

Across city challenge how many jobs were created?

A

53,000

63
Q

Across city challenge how many businesses were established?

A

3,200

64
Q

Why is the bidding pro0cess unfair in city challenge?

A

Money was allocated based on the strength of the bid

65
Q

What are the issues with city challenge?

A
  • Pitched neighbouring areas against each others when they could have worked together
  • All successful bids received the same sum of money despite the fact areas were more deprived than others

Human Geography: CUE (16 decks)

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