Case 5 Memory Loss Flashcards
Understand the anatomical correlations with memory loss
What are the 3 levels of specialisation of the cerebral cortex?
Primary, secondary and assocation
Where does the frontal lobe commence
Central sulcus (primary motor cortex0
Primary motor cortex extends from the __ of the frontal lobe right across to the __ ___
lateral extremity
medial surface
Which 2 regions are directly anterior o the primary motor cortex?
Supplementary motor cortex
Premotor cortex
Where is brook’s area located?
Anterior and the premotor cortex on the dominant side
Where is the frontal eye fields?
Anterior to the joining of the supplementary and premotor cortices
Where will a medial primary motor cortex infarct cause paralysis?
On the leg
What ar the 3 key functions of the frontal lobes
Working memory, learning and working cognition
where is the prefrontal cortex
Anterior to the precentral gyrus + premotor cortex
How many gym comprise the prefrontal cortex
3 (superior, middle and inferior)
Where are th auditory areas of the brian?
Superior bank of the sylvan fissure of the temporall lobe
Where is Wernicke’s area?
posterior 2 thirds of the superior temporal gyrus
The sensory connections to the prefrontal cortex arises from ___ and ____ association cortices of the ___, ___ and ___ lobes
unimodal and heteromodal association cortices of the Occipital, parietal and temporal lobes
which gyrus provides emotional input to the prefrontal cortex?
Cingulate gyrus
Compare the brodmann’s areas of Broca’s v Wernicke’s Areas?
Broca's = 44 and 45 Wernicke's = 22
What is the role of Broca’s area?
Expression, motor and speech
Were is Wernicke’s area located
Posterior temporal gyrus
What is the role of the arcuate fasciuculus?
Connects Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas via a bundle of commissural fibres
How will damage to the arcuate fasciculus manifest?
Impaired repetition
Where is the Broca’s Area located on 95% of right handers?
Inferior frontal gyrus on Left hemisphere
Which 3 zones mediate olfaction?
antero-medial temporal lobe, orbitofrontal area and amygdala
What is the role of amygdala in olfaction?
Emotional smell
What is th role of the orbitofrontal cortex in olfaction?
Conscious smell
What is th ole of the primary olfactory cortex and entorinal cortex in olfaction?
Smell and Mmeory
Where is the amygdala located?
Anteromedial temporal lobe, deep to the olfactory cortex; anterior tip of the ant horn of the lateral venctircle
What are the names of the 2 projections from the amygdala?
stria terminalis and amygdalofugal pathwasy
The ___, ___ and ___ are all nuclei of the amygdala
Central, corticomedial and basolateral
Inputs to the dentate gyrus original from which cortex?
Entorhinal cortex
Do outputs from the hippocampus return to the entrorhinal cortex?
Yes
The ___ and ___ are anterior to the inferior horn and the ___ ___ is superior to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle.
Hippcomalus and amygdala are anterior
Caudate nucleus is superior
