Case 5 Memory Loss Flashcards

Understand the anatomical correlations with memory loss

1
Q

What are the 3 levels of specialisation of the cerebral cortex?

A

Primary, secondary and assocation

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2
Q

Where does the frontal lobe commence

A

Central sulcus (primary motor cortex0

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3
Q

Primary motor cortex extends from the __ of the frontal lobe right across to the __ ___

A

lateral extremity

medial surface

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4
Q

Which 2 regions are directly anterior o the primary motor cortex?

A

Supplementary motor cortex

Premotor cortex

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5
Q

Where is brook’s area located?

A

Anterior and the premotor cortex on the dominant side

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6
Q

Where is the frontal eye fields?

A

Anterior to the joining of the supplementary and premotor cortices

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7
Q

Where will a medial primary motor cortex infarct cause paralysis?

A

On the leg

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8
Q

What ar the 3 key functions of the frontal lobes

A

Working memory, learning and working cognition

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9
Q

where is the prefrontal cortex

A

Anterior to the precentral gyrus + premotor cortex

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10
Q

How many gym comprise the prefrontal cortex

A

3 (superior, middle and inferior)

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11
Q

Where are th auditory areas of the brian?

A

Superior bank of the sylvan fissure of the temporall lobe

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12
Q

Where is Wernicke’s area?

A

posterior 2 thirds of the superior temporal gyrus

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13
Q

The sensory connections to the prefrontal cortex arises from ___ and ____ association cortices of the ___, ___ and ___ lobes

A

unimodal and heteromodal association cortices of the Occipital, parietal and temporal lobes

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14
Q

which gyrus provides emotional input to the prefrontal cortex?

A

Cingulate gyrus

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15
Q

Compare the brodmann’s areas of Broca’s v Wernicke’s Areas?

A
Broca's = 44 and 45
Wernicke's = 22
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16
Q

What is the role of Broca’s area?

A

Expression, motor and speech

17
Q

Were is Wernicke’s area located

A

Posterior temporal gyrus

18
Q

What is the role of the arcuate fasciuculus?

A

Connects Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas via a bundle of commissural fibres

19
Q

How will damage to the arcuate fasciculus manifest?

A

Impaired repetition

20
Q

Where is the Broca’s Area located on 95% of right handers?

A

Inferior frontal gyrus on Left hemisphere

21
Q

Which 3 zones mediate olfaction?

A

antero-medial temporal lobe, orbitofrontal area and amygdala

22
Q

What is the role of amygdala in olfaction?

A

Emotional smell

23
Q

What is th role of the orbitofrontal cortex in olfaction?

A

Conscious smell

24
Q

What is th ole of the primary olfactory cortex and entorinal cortex in olfaction?

A

Smell and Mmeory

25
Where is the amygdala located?
Anteromedial temporal lobe, deep to the olfactory cortex; anterior tip of the ant horn of the lateral venctircle
26
What are the names of the 2 projections from the amygdala?
stria terminalis and amygdalofugal pathwasy
27
The ___, ___ and ___ are all nuclei of the amygdala
Central, corticomedial and basolateral
28
Inputs to the dentate gyrus original from which cortex?
Entorhinal cortex
29
Do outputs from the hippocampus return to the entrorhinal cortex?
Yes
30
The ___ and ___ are anterior to the inferior horn and the ___ ___ is superior to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle.
Hippcomalus and amygdala are anterior | Caudate nucleus is superior