Case 3 Anatomy

Question 1

the skull is comprised of the ___ and the ___

Answer 1

Neurocranium and the viscerocranium

Question 2

The neurocranisum is the ___

Answer 2

bony covering of the brain and meninges

Question 3

The viscerocranium is the

Answer 3

facial skelton + mandible

Question 4

The coronal suture joins the

Answer 4

Frontal and 2 parietal bones

Question 5

The sagittal suture joins the

Answer 5

2 parietal bones

Question 6

The Bregma is the ___

Answer 6

Joining of the coronal and sagittal sutures

Question 7

The lambdad joins which 3 bones?

Answer 7

Parietal, temporal and occipital bones

Question 8

What is the superior nuchal line

Answer 8

The surface attachment of tentorium cerebrelli

Question 9

What is the external occipital protuberance

Answer 9

Attachment of the nuchal ligament

Question 10

Name the boundaries of the temporal fossa

Answer 10

Posteiro: super and inf temproal lines
Anterior : frontal and zygomatic bones
Inferior: zygomatic arch

Question 11

What opens into the temporal fossa

Answer 11

External acoustic meatus and mastoid process

Question 12

What is the pterion

Answer 12

Intersecion of the frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid bones

Question 13

What are the 2 layers of the dura mater?

Answer 13

External endosteal and internal meningeal layer

Question 14

What is another name for the periosteum of the neurocranium?

Answer 14

External endosteal dural layer

Question 15

What does the arachnoid mater form?

Answer 15

Blood arachnoid barrier

Question 16

What o the arachnoid villi project into?

Answer 16

Dural venous sinus

Question 17

What is housed within the sub-arachnoid space?

Answer 17

The CSF

Question 18

What are the arachnoid trabecular?

Answer 18

Fine extension to link the arachnoid and pia mater

Question 19

The blood supply to the periosteal dura mater is from the ___, whereas the internal meningeal later is supplied by the ___

Answer 19

Adjacent bone

Middle meningeal artery +/- occipital, ant ethmoidal

Question 20

What 3 nerves innervate the dura mater?

Answer 20

Ophthalmic, Maxillar and Mandibular division of CNV

Question 21

What part of the dura mater is innervated by the vagus nerve?

Answer 21

Posterior fossa cranial floow

Question 22

What is the location of the falx cerebri?

Answer 22

Midline of 2 cerebral hemispheres (longitudinal tissue); from frontal crest at crest galli to internal occipital protuberance

Question 23

Where is the free margin of the falx cerebri?

Answer 23

Above the corpus callosum

Question 24

The tentoriu cerebelli separates the ___ lobe from the ___

Answer 24

Occipital lobe from the cerebellum

Question 25

The diaghramga sella will surround which important structure?

Answer 25

Pituitary gland

Question 26

The falx cerebelli is located between what 2 structures

Answer 26

The 2 cerebellar hemispheres

Question 27

The superior sagittal sinus is located between the layers of what dura mater?

Answer 27

Falx cerebri

Question 28

What will the superior sagittal sinus become?

Answer 28

The transverse sinus

Question 29

Where does the inferior sagittal sinus begin and where does it run?

Answer 29

Begins at crista galli and runs between the free margins of falx cerebri

Question 30

The straight sinus connects what to sinuses?

Answer 30

Transverse and infeiror sagittal sinus

Question 31

Outline the path of the transverse sinus

Answer 31

Begins at internal occipital protuberance, runs horizontally and at temporal one junction, turns downwards to form sigmoid sinus

Question 32

The sigmoid sinus will run through what structure prior to forming got the IJV?

Answer 32

Jugular Foramen

Question 33

What are the relations of the Anterior, posterior and inferior horns of the lateral ventricles?

Answer 33

Anterior : inf = caudate nucleus, sup = corpus callosum Postioer = occipital lobe Infeiorn = amygdala, hippocampus

Question 34

What structure connects the fourth and third ventricles?

Answer 34

Interventricular foramen

Question 35

Which ventricle is located between the thalami?

Answer 35

Third Ventricle

Question 36

Where does the cerebral aqueduct lead?

Answer 36

To the fourth ventricle

Question 37

Where is th fourth ventricle located?

Answer 37

Posterior to the pons

Question 38

What are the cranial and caudal boders of th fourth ventricle?

Answer 38

cranial border = sup cerebellar peduncles | caudal border = inf cerebellar peduncles

Question 39

What will the fourth ventricle open into?

Answer 39

2 lateral and 1 medial foramen

Question 40

What cells form the CSF?

Answer 40

Ependymal cells of the choroid plexus

Question 41

Where is the CSF formed?

Answer 41

Inf horn of lat ventricles, IV foramen and third ventricle

Question 42

Define hydrocephalus

Answer 42

Abnormal increase in CSF within the skull

Question 43

Whilst Non-communicating hydrocephalus is characterised by an obstruction of CSF ___, communicating hydrocephalus is characterised by an obstruction of CSF___.

Answer 43

CSF flow | CSF reabsorption

Question 44

Non-communicating hydrocephalus typically shows compensatory ___ ___

Answer 44

Brain atrophy (look in gyri, ventricular size