cartilage Flashcards
it is distinguished by a high degree of compressive elasticity
cartilage
partially deformable, has shock absorbing properties and yet is firm in consistency
cartilage
the primary supportive tissue in fhe developing embryo and forms the structural framework from which most of the skeleton develops
cartilage
what provides the cartilage with its structural integrity
the arcade like arrangement of collagen fibers with the abundance of glycosaminoglycans
if cartilage is avascular, where does it get its nutritional supply
diffusion from the surrounding connective tissue, fluid from synovial joint, and medullary vessels of underlying bone
inportance of slippery characteristics of cartilage
reduces friction
the reason for the cartilage to have regenerative capacity
avascular nature
the formation of cartilage
chondrogenesis
mesenchymal cells will differentiate into
chondroblast
the primary support of the tissue
cartilage
the youngest cells, actually undifferentiated mesenchymal cells fsted to become chondroblast
chondrogenic cell
small stellate or spindle shaped cells located in the inner chondrogenic or cellular layer of perichondrium
chondrogenic cells
secretory cells that synthesize and secrete cartilage matrix
chondroblast
derived from chondrogenic cells and larger than the latter with round centrally round nuclei
chondroblast
they are not contained in the lacuna and located at the periphery of cartilage beneath the inner chindrogenic layer of preichondrium.
chondroblast
responsible for synthesis and maintenance of the extracellular matrix
chondroblast
it combines to form collagen fibers
pro-collagen chains
derived from chondroblast cell line
chondrocytes
these cells have been isolated and trapped in spaces called lacunae
chondrocytes
appears like swollen chondroblast embedded in large, ovoid or angular lacunae
chondrocytes
cells of cartilage
chondrocytes
have a reduced capacity for synthesis and secretion of cartilage matrix
chondrocytes
chondrocytes often occurs in groups called
isogenous or cell nests
spherical cells with fewer organelles than the chondroblast
chondrocytes
cells directly derived from chondrogenic cells.
chondroclats
also called cartilage eaters because they phagocytize cartilage matrix
chondroclast
they are responsible for shaping cartilage by removing or eating excess cartilage matrix
chondroclast
Cartilage is classified based on the
predominate type of fiber in the matrix
this type of cartilage has matrix has fine, type II collagen fibers in the matrix.
hyaline cartilage
These fibers are of similar refractive index to the surrounding ground substance and are not distinctly visible in the amorphous matrix.
hyaline cartilage
The staining differences in the matrix of hyaline cartilage are due to
variations in proteoglycan content
provides shape retention and tensile strength
fibers
what type of collagen is present in the fibers of cartilage
type 2
these component of the cartilage is responsible for the absorption of compression forces
amorphous gel-like matrix
the amorphous gel-like matrix is composed of proteoglycans which serves as ______
the proteinaceous backbone to which the CHO in the form of GAGs are attached
prinicipal GAGs in amorphous gel-like matrix
chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate
a gelatinous mucopolysaccharide that binds the proteoglycans together into large aggregates
hyaluronic acid
this type of cartilage is flexible and resilienrt
hyaline cartilage
what type of cartilage is where the chondrocytes appear spherical, has lacuna, and collagen is the only fiber
hyaline cartilage
a type of cartilage that is highly bendable and the matrix
elastic
They serve as mechanical support and covers articulating surfaces of bones. They are model for formation of tubular bones and plays a role in repair of fractures.
hyaline cartilage
term “hyalos” means
glassy as it appears white and glassy grossly
Hyaline cartilage is found in the
tracheal rings and articular cartilage as well as the respiratory organs
color of elastic cartilage
grossly yellow due to the yellow color of elastic fibers in the fresh state.
Elastic fibers are distinctly visible as
short fine black (with silver stain) steaks in the amorphous matrix; while the collagen fibers are not visible.
give the cartilage the ability to be deformed and return to shape
elastic fibers
the matrix of elastic cartilage is mainly comprised of
elastic fibers and type 2 collagen
Lacunae and cell nests are more frequent and closer together than in hyaline cartilage. Chondrocytes are bigger than those of hyaline cartilage and perichondrium is also present.
elastic cartilage
where is elastic cartilage foubd
in the organs or structures that need resilience such as the pinna of the ear, eustachian tube, external auditory meatus, larynx and epiglottis
has prominent, type I collagen fibers which are arranged in either an interwoven, herringbone pattern or a unidirectional fashion.
fibrocartilage
Has a feature of both the DWFCT and cartilage, thus considered an intermediate between these two tissues.
fibrocartilage
Composed of large bundles of collagen fibers separated by isolated groups of cartilage
fibrocartilage
type of cartilage where the Chondrocytes tend to be arranged in somewhat regular rows rather than the obvious isogenous groups
fibrocartilage
They are known to resist compression and tension
fibrocartilage
where is fibrocartilage located
Located at transition points between DWFCT and cartilage or between DWFCT and bone, such as the pubic symphysis, periphery of the intervertebral disc where it forms a fibrous ring called annulus fibrosus, and the attachments of certain tendons and ligaments and in menisci.
Maintenance and Repair of Cartilage
Cartilage is maintained throughout life by the nutritive role of chondrocytes.
the type of hyaline cartilage that is acidophilic matrix due to lesser amoutn of glycosaminoglycans
young cartilage
the reason why mature hyaline cartilage is basophilic
due to the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans
these cartilage has flattened lacunae and chondrocytes
young carrilage
this cartilage is large and ovoid lucana and chondrocytes, with cell nests and isogenous groups
mature
what do you call the fibrous ring formws in the periphery of the intervertebral disc
annulus fibrosus
principal component of the cartilage
intercellular substance
cartilage is made up of
capsule, cells, intercerllular
formed early by condensation from mesenchyml connective tissue. It is absent in the articular cartilage of the synovial joint
perichondrium
made up of stellate or spindle-shaped chondrogenic cells from the fibroblast cell line.
intercellular or chondrogenic layer
form the fiber network of cartilage matrix
collagen
Cartilage matrix between lacunae are termed
inter-territorial matrix
the territorial matrix is located
around the lacunar margin
