Cards Flashcards
Origin of ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
truncus arteriosus
What does truncus arteriosis become
ascending aortia and pulmonary trunk
What does bulbus cordis become?
smooth parts (outflow tract) of LV and RV
Origin of RV and LV outflow tract (smooth parts)
bulbus cordis (“your bulbs are smooth, baby”)
Origin of atrial septum, membranous interventricular septum, AV and semilunar valves (VALVES AND SEPTUMS)
endocardial cushions
What do endocardial cushions become
atrial septum, membranous intraventricular septum, all the valves
What is the origin of trabeculated part of left and right atria
primitive atrium
What does the primitive atrium become
trabeculated part of left and right atria
What does the primitive ventricle become?
trabeculated part of left and right ventricles
Origin of trabeculated part of left and right ventricles
primitive ventricle
What is the origin of the smooth part of left atrium
primitive pulmonary vein
Primitive pulmonary vein becomes….
smooth part of left atrium
origin of coronary sinus
left horn of sinus venosus
what does left horn of sinus venosus become
coronary sinus
what does right horn of sinus venosus become
smooth part of right atrium
origin of smooth part of right atrium (sinus venarum)
right horn of sinus venosus
origin of SVC
right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein
What do the right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein become?
svc
allantois->urachus becomes
medIAN umbilical ligament
ductus arteriosus becomes
ligamentum arteriosum
ductus venosum becoems
ligamentum venosum
foramen ovale becomes
fossa ovalis
notochord becomes
nucleus pulposus
umbilical arteries becomes
mediAL ubilical ligaments
umbilical vein becomes
ligamentum teres hepatis (round ligament) contained in falciform ligament
murmur that gets louder with inspiration
tricuspid regurg
murmur that gets louder with valsalva and standing up
HOCM and MVP (valsalva and standing decreases intensity of most murmurs)
murmur that gets better (less loud) with hand grip
HOCM and AS (increases the intensity of most murmurs because it increases afterload)
murmurs that get worse with rapid squatting
As, MR, VSD
murmur that gets less intense with rapid squatting
rapid squatting increases afterload and preload so
HOCM murmur gets better with this while most murmurs get louder
Asian male with ECG pattern of pseudo heart block with ST elevations in V1-V3…
brugada syndrome (AD) increased risk for ventricular tachyarrhthmia and SCD) treat with implantable ICD
Drugs that cuase long QT syndrome
"Anti-ABCDE" Antiarrhythmics - class IA and III antiBiotics - macrolides antiCychotis - haloperidol antiDepressants - TCAs antEmetics - ondansetron
al of these increase risk for torsades
saw tooth appearance on ECG
atrial flutter
progressively increasing PR interval until dropped beat
second degree heart block type 1 mobitz (usually asymptomatic)
stable PR interval until dropped beat
second degree heart blck type 2 (may progress to 3rd degree heat block so treat with pacemaker)
atria and ventriicles beat independently of one another (atrial rate > venricular rate)
third degree heart block (treat with pacemaker, can be caused by lyme dx)
MOA atrial natriuertic peptide
responds to increases in blood volume, and acts via cGMP.
causes vasodilation and decreased Na reabsorption in collecting tubule….dilates afferent renal ateriorle and constricts efferent arteriold promoting diuresis (“aldosterone” escape mechanism)
differentiate BNP and atrial (ANP)
BNP is secreted by ventricular myocytes while ANP is from atria
BNP has longer half life making it good diagnostic tool for HF
