Cardiovascular System - Bohr Effect

Question 1

what is vasodilation:

Answer 1

relaxation of blood vessels

Question 2

what is vasoconstriction:

Answer 2

contracting of blood vessels

Question 3

the transportatiom of oxygen:

Answer 3

during exercise, when oxygen diffuses into the capillaries supplying the skeletal muscle

at the tissues, oxygen is released from the oxyhaemoglobin due to the low pressure of oxygen that exists there

Question 4

key terms

what is plasma:

Answer 4

the fluid part of the blood (mainly water) that surrounds blood cells and transports them

Question 5

key terms

Haemoglobin:

Answer 5

an iron-containing pigme found in red blood cells, which combines with oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin

Question 6

key terms

Myoglobin:

Answer 6

often called ‘muscle haemoglobin’. it is an iron-containing muscle pigment in slow-twith muscle fit which has a higher affinity for oxygen than haemoglobin. it stores the oxygen in the muscle fibres which can be used quickly when exercise begins

Question 7

key terms

Mitochondria:

Answer 7

often referred to as the ‘powerhouse’ of the cell as respiration and energy production

Question 8

myoglobin:

Answer 8

main function is to transport oxygen from the muscle cell membrane to the mitochondria

serves as an extra reserve of oxygen to help exercising muscle activity longer

Question 9

O2 transport in muscle:

Answer 9

• protein that binds with O2
• found in Skeletal and Cardiac muscle fibres (not in blood)
• acts as a shuttle to transport O2 from muscle cell membrane to the mitochondira

Question 10

Bohr effect

Answer 10

• CO2 increases
• acid increases so pH
  decreases

Question 11

bohr shift:

Answer 11

when an increase in blood and carbon dioxide and a decrease in pH results in a reduction of the affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen