Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What does blood consists?
Blood plasma and formed elements
What is the pH of the blood
Slightly alkaline
What is blood plasma made of
80 to 90% water and 8 to 10% proteins
What are the proteins in plasma and name the plasma proteins
Albumin, fibrinogen and globulin. Fibrinogen is the plasma protein.
What is a serum
Plasma without the fibrinogen
Hematocrit
Total amount of RBCs in the blood
Polycythemia
High volume of RBCs and increases viscosity in the blood.
Before birth what is the primitive site for hemopoiesis
Red bone marrow
What does mature RBC lack?
Nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes
RBC rely on what for ATP formation
Glycolysis
Which organ is called graveyard for RBC
Spleen
Name the Granular leukocytes?
Eosinophils
Basophils
Neutrophils
Name the agranular leukocytes.
Monocytes
Leucopenia
Low level of WBC
What does platelet release when they bind with a clot?
Serotonin that acts as a vasoconstrictor
What enzyme is responsible for the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin?
Thrombin
What causes haemophilia
Blood doesn’t clot. Due to absence of blood clotting factor VIII and IX
Which blood clotting factor doesn’t exist?
Factor VI
Name the anticoagulant.
Warfarin, coumarin and heparin
Which chemical is used in labs to prevent clotting?
Sodium citrate or EDTA
Which vitamin is called blood clotting hormone?
Vitamin K
Iron deficiency anaemia is due to?
Inadequate absorption of ion
Megaloblastic anaemia is due to?
Inadequate intake of vitamin b12
Pernicious Anemia is due to do?
Insufficient hemopoieses and inability of the stomach to produce intrinsic factor.
Hemorrhagic anaemia is due to?
Excessive loss of RBCs.
Hemolytic anaemia is due to?
Rapture of plasma membrane of RBC.
Thalassemia is due to?
Defective a and b globin chain
Aplastic anemia is due to?
Destruction of red bone marrow
