Cardiovascular System

Question 1

CV Organs

Answer 1

Heart, Arteries, Vein, Blood

Question 2

Structures in the heart

Answer 2

4 Chambers (R-L Atrium, R-L Ventricles), Pericardium, Wall

Question 3

Chambers of the heart

Answer 3

Made up of myocardium
R Atrium (deoxygenated blood enters via SVC)
R Ventricle
L Atrium
L Ventricle (oxygenated blood leaves via the aorta)

Question 4

Valve between the R Atrium/R Ventricle

Answer 4

Tricuspid Valve

Question 5

Valve between the L Atrium/L Ventricle

Answer 5

Mitral, or Bicuspid Valve

Question 6

Walls of heart

Answer 6

Outer layer - Epicardium
Middle layer - Myocardium (contractile layer
Inner layer - Endocardium

Question 7

Heart Rate

Answer 7

Normal for adult = 60-100 bpm
Tachycardia = >100 bpm at rest
Bradycardia = < 60 at rest
Heart rate measured at heart, pulse rate measured distally

Question 8

Blood pressure

Answer 8

Normal = 120/80 mmHg
Systolic = contraction of ventricles, highest pressure
Diastolic = relaxation of ventricles, lowest pressure

Question 9

Locations for taking a pulse

Answer 9

Temporal, Carotid, Brachial, Radial, Femoral, Popliteal (Posterior), Dorsalis Pedis (Top of Foot)

Question 10

Cardiac Output

Stroke Volume

Answer 10

CO = Amount of blood pumped out of ventricle in one minute
SV = Amount of blood pumped out of ventricle in one contraction
CO = SV x HR

Question 11

Electrical system of heart

Answer 11

SA Node, AV Node, Bundle of HIS, Purkinje fibers
SA Node = R Atrium near SVC, primary pacemaker
AV Node = Inferior wall of R Atrium close to tricuspid valve

Question 12

3 sternal precautions

Answer 12

No pulling up in bed; roll to side in acute care; no driving for six weeks; no pushing, pulling or lifting greater than 10 lbs. for six weeks

Question 13

Leading cause of stroke and heart disease

Answer 13

Hypertension, high arterial blood pressure

Question 14

Atherosclerosis

Answer 14

Narrowing of vessel lumen (inside of vessel)

Question 15

Thrombus

Answer 15

Stationary blood clot attached to vein or artery

Question 16

Embolus

Answer 16

Material floating in blood

Question 17

Intermittent claudication is primary Sx of which disease?

Answer 17

Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)

Question 18

Aneurysm

Answer 18

Weakening of artery wall causing a bulge or rupture

Question 19

Angina

Answer 19

Chest pain caused by lack of O2 to myocardium

Question 20

Phlebitis

Answer 20

Inflammation of superficial veins

Question 21

Thrombophlebitis

Answer 21

Clot in superficial veins

Question 22

Deep Vein Thrombosis

Answer 22

Clot in deep veins