Cardiovascular risk factors Flashcards

1
Q

What is the major cause of death world wide

A

coronary heart disease

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2
Q

Established CHD risk factors (5)

A

smoking, diabetes, cholesterol, blood pressure, BMI

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3
Q

Other CHD risk factors (2)

A

left ventricular size and fibrinogen

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4
Q

fibrinogen

A

clotting factor

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5
Q

what happens to CHD risk facors

A

aggregate

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6
Q

what promotes major CHD traits

A

weight gain

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7
Q

common CHD risk factors

A

age, sex, lipids, weight, blood pressure

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8
Q

what is the most important CHD risk factor

A

age

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9
Q

what % of CHD is >65 years

A

80%

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10
Q

who dies earlier and more frequently from CHD

A

men

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11
Q

when are women protected

A

before menopause

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12
Q

post menopause are women at a higher risk of CHD than men

A

no

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13
Q

does hormone therapy post menopause reduce risk of CHD

A

no

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14
Q

CHD rates are adjusted for (2)

A

age and sex

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15
Q

good cholesterol

A

HDL

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16
Q

bad cholesterol (2)

A

LDL and VLDL

17
Q

TAG

A

triacylglyceol

18
Q

what type of weight gain predisposes to CHD

A

central adiposity

19
Q

what gives a family history for CHD (3)

A

first degree relative x4 risk, genes, environment

20
Q

what is an unproven but popular explanation for CHD

A

stress

21
Q

how many of units of alcohol for lowest coronary risk

A

2

22
Q

risk of CHD increases with

A

systolic blood pressure

23
Q

systolic blood pressure measured in

A

mmHg

24
Q

what greatly increases CHD risk

A

smoking

25
Q

what is used to assess CVD risk

A

all factors considered chart

26
Q

population CHD incidence highest with

A

intermediate risk factor

27
Q

CHD incidence increases with risk factor level in

A

individuals

28
Q

in which countries is CHD rising

A

developing countries

29
Q

in which countries is CHD decreasing

A

developed countries

30
Q

important societal factors in CHD (3)

A

nutrition, smoking, other

31
Q

in which country is CHD mortality rapidly dropping

A

Japan

32
Q

Life expectancy Japan

A

86 years

33
Q

life expectancy UK

A

81 years

34
Q

why Japan low CHD (3)

A

low medical care, high smokers, low fat diet

35
Q

which other country has unexpected low CHD

A

France

36
Q
A