Cardiovascular Meds B Flashcards by H J

Chlorothiazide

Diuril; thiazide diuretics

Edema, hypertension

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Chlorthalidone

Thalitone; thiazide diuretics

Edema, hypertension

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Hydrochlorothiazide

Hydrodiuril; thiazide diuretics

Edema, hypertension

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Metolazone

Zaroxolyn; thiazide diuretics

Edema, hypertension

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Bumetanide

Bumex; loop diuretics

Edema, hypertension

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Furosemide

Lasix; loop diuretics

Edema, hypertension

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Torsemide

Demadex; loop diuretics

Edema, hypertension

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Spironolactone

Aldactone; potassium-sparing diuretics

Edema, heart failure, hypertension

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Triamterene/hydrochlorothiazide

Maxzide; potassium-sparing diuretics

Edema, heart failure, hypertension

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This diuretic should be avoided in pregnant patients

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

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Benazepril

Lotensin; ACE inhibitors

Heart failure, hypertension

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Enalapril, Enalaprilat (IV)

Vasotec; ACE inhibitors

Heart failure, hypertension

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Fosinopril

Monopril; ACE inhibitors

Heart failure, hypertension

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Lisinopril

Prinivil, Prinzide (in combo with HCTZ); ACE inhibitors

Heart failure, hypertension

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Quinapril

Accupril; ACE inhibitors

Heart failure, hypertension

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Ramipril

Altace; ACE inhibitors

Heart failure, hypertension

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Candesartan

Atacand; angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)

Hypertension

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Irbesartan

Avapro; angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)

Hypertension

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Losartan

Cozaar, Hyzaar (in combo with HCTZ); angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)

Hypertension

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Olmesartan

Benicar; angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)

Hypertension

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Telmisartan

Micardis; angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)

Hypertension

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Valsartan

Diovan; angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)

Hypertension, heart failure

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Doxazosin

Cardura; alpha-1 blocker

Hypertension

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Prazosin

Minipress; alpha-1 blocker

Hypertension

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Terazosin

Hytrin; alpha-1 blocker Hypertension

Clonidine

Catapres; alpha-2 agonist Hypertension

Hydralazine

Apresoline; vasodilator Hypertension

Atenolol

Tenormin; beta-blocker Hypertension

Bisoprolol

Zebeta; beta-blocker Hypertension

Carvedilol

Coreg; beta-blocker Hypertension, heart failure

Esmolol

Brevibloc; beta-blocker Hypertension

Labetalol

Trandate; beta-blocker Hypertension

Metoprolol

Lopressor (tartrate salt), Toprol XL (succinate salt); beta-blocker Hypertension, heart failure

Nadolol

Corgard; beta-blocker Hypertension

Nebivolol

Bystolic; beta-blocker Hypertension

Propranolol

Inderal; beta-blocker Hypertension, heart failure

Amlodipine

Norvasc; calcium channel blocker Hypertension

Clevidipine

Cleviprex; calcium channel blocker Hypertension

Diltiazem

Cardizem; calcium channel blocker Hypertension, heart failure

Felodipine

Plendil; calcium channel blocker Hypertension

Nicardipine

Cardene, calcium channel blocker Hypertension

Nifedipine

Adalat CC; calcium channel blocker Hypertension

Verapamil

Calan; calcium channel blocker Hypertension

Amlodipine/benazepril

Lotrel; combo drug Calcium channel blocker and ACE inhibitor Hypertension

Digoxin

Lanoxin; cardiac glycosides Arrhythmia, heart failure

Dobutamine

Dobutrex; vasopressors Hypotension, heart failure

Dopamine

Intropin; vasopressors Hypotension, heart failure

Epinephrine

Adrenalin; vasopressors Hypotension, heart failure, allergic reactions

Norepinephrine

Levophed; vasopressors Hypotension, heart failure

Vasopressin

Vasostrict (also called ADH); vasopressors Hypotension

Amiodarone

Cordarone; antiarrhythmics Arrhythmia

Lidocaine

Xylocaine; antiarrhythmics Arrhythmia

Sotalol

Betapace; antiarrhythmics Arrhythmia

Isosorbide

Imdur (mononitrate salt), Isordil (dinitrate salt); nitrates Angina

Nitroglycerin

Nitrostat; nitrates Angina, heart failure, hypertensive emergency

Nitroprusside

Nipride RTU Heart failure, hypertensive emergency

This diuretic should not be used in pregnant patients

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

These two diuretic meds should not be used with salt substitute seasonings and interacts with potassium supplements or potassium-increasing meds

Spironolactone (Aldactone) Triamterene/hydrochlorothiazide (Maxzide)

This diuretic is a NIOSH med

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

This diuretic is found in many combination products for CV

Hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril) Ex. found in Maxzide

Adverse reactions to diuretics

Dizziness, frequent urination, gynecomastia (breast growth in men), hyperkalemia (potassium-sparing meds), hypokalemia (other diuretics), photosensitivity

Patient with this allergy should use loop and thiazide diuretics with caution

Sulfonamide / sulfa

This special group should use diuretics with caution due to the dizziness symptoms

Older patients (increased fall risk)

Routine tests to monitor diuretic therapy

SCr and BUN (kidney function tests) Electrolytes (Na and K) Blood pressure

Administration & precautions patients taking diuretics should know (2)

Take in morning to avoid nocturia Avoid prolonged sun exposure

Adverse reactions to ACE inhibitors or ARBs

Angioedema (swelling of throat and mouth to the point where breathing is difficult) Dry cough (ACE inhibitors)

Adverse reactions to hypertensives

Dizziness, drowsiness (Prazosin), dry cough (ACE inhibitors), hyperkalemia (ACEs, ARBs, potassium-sparing diuretics)

This special population should not use ACE inhibitors or ARBs

Pregnant patients

These populations should use antihypertensives with caution

Older patients Asthma or COPD patients (beta-blockers)

These antihypertensives should be taken with food

Metoprolol tartrate/succinate Carvedilol

Common adverse reactions to antiarrhythmics

Dizziness, headache (nitrates), hypertension, organ damage to eye, thyroid, liver, and lungs (amiodarone and others)

Digoxin should not be taken with... (2)

Potassium supplements and atorvastatin

Amiodarone should not be taken with...

Grapefruit juice

Nitrates should not be taken with...

PDE-5 inhibitors like sildenafil

Special populations with antiarrhythmics

Asthma/COPD patients Older patients

Common adverse reactions with antithrombotics

Bleeding more and for longer periods, bruising

Antithrombotics should be avoided in patients with these allergies

Pig allergy - avoid heparin Salicylate or NSAID allergy - avoid aspirin

Patients should avoid this when taking antithrombotics

Alcohol

Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) administration considerations

Take with food