Cardiovascular Drugs Flashcards
Ace Inhibitors
End in “pril”
Tx: hypertension
S/S: angioedema and dry cough
Monitor for first-dose hypotension
Make sure to watch the AIRWAY
ARBs
End in “sartan”
Think about ACE inhibitors
S/S: insomnia
Nifedipine
Vasodilates the arterioles
Calcium channel blocker
S/S: reflex tachycardia, tachypnea, gingival hyperplasia
Client Instruction: obtain regular dental care
Doxazosin
Tx: HTN and BPH
Don’t take with other vasodilators
Beta blockers
End in “lol”
Hold for HR is <60bpm
Avoid administration for patients with respiratory conditions
S/S: bradycardia, bronchospasms
Clonidine
Has many off-label uses: withdrawal, ADHD, Tourettes, menopausal symptoms
TAPER! – rebound hypertension if not
Hydralazine
Not a diuretic, may experience edema
CI: CAD
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)
Thiazide diuretic
Watch for hyperuricemia (caution with gouty arthritis)
S/S: hypokalemia
Furosemide
Loop diuretic
S/S: ototoxicity, hypokalemia
Tx: HTN, HF, liver failure, edema
Spironolactone
Potassium sparing diuretic
Avoid excessive intake of K+
Digoxin
DIG for a low and slow contraction
If HR is below 60bpm then hold
S/S: GI distress, bradycardia, vision changes, yellow-halo vision, confusion, and delirium
Therapeutic range: 0.5-2
Antidote: digibind
Dobutamine, dopamine
Sympathomimetic
Given through a central/PICC line
ECG monitor continuously
S/S: tachycardia and dysrhythmias
Sildenafil, milrinone
PDE-5 Inhibitor
Tx: HF
Short-term usage
Don’t combine with other vasodilators
Watch for hypotension - move slowly
S/S: priapism (>4hr erection)
Continually monitor ECG and correct lab values before administration
Atorvastatin
Tx: CAD
Monitor for bleeding, myopathies (muscle pain), and hepatotoxicity
Take it before bed, avoid grapefruit juice
Don’t combine with anticoagulants/antiplatelets
Gemfibrozil
Similar to “statins”
Can increase gallbladder impairment
