Cardiovascular Drug delivery Flashcards
Types of targeting
passive
active
Passive targeting exhibits the
EPR effect
Possible targets of Active targeting
- Adhesion molecules
- specific cells/particles
- natural nanoparticle migration
- thrombus
Adhesion molecules that are targetted include
ICAM and VCAM
advantages of adhesion molecules being targetted
access from blood flow
Disadvantages of adhesion molecules being targetted
expression not specific to plaques (nonspecificity)
specific calls/ particles that are targetted
OxLDL
macrophages
Advantages of targetting specific cells
- cells/ particles are present at high concentrations in plaque (more specificity)
- macrophages readily take up particles
Disadvantages of targeting specific cells
- OxLDL, Macrophages, and monocytes are found in other locations other than plaque
Targets when natural nanoparticle migration is targeted
LDL and HDL
Why are LDL and HDL targeted?
HDL and LDL naturally interact with plaque and the goal is to exploit or mimic this
Advantages to targeting the thrombus?
- Easily accessible (thrombus exposed to blood)
- Distinct molecules like platelets and fibrin are present
Disadvantages to targeting the thrombus
occurs during the late stage of disease
Immunotherapy OxLDL vaccine is used to
recognize and produce antibodies against OxLDL which will reduce the amount of plaque
Mechanically activated therapeutics will use:
- The sheer stress of the artery to break apart particles to allow NPs to be activated or liposomes to break apart
