Cardiovascular 6

Question 1

Veins are what different than arteries in 4 ways:

Answer 1

1. More numerous
2. Larger volume
3. Thinner walls
4. Less muscle tissue
   -makes venous circulation the volume reservoir of the circulatory system

Question 2

Angiogenesis

Answer 2

The formation of new blood vessels
-happens a lot more in children, not much in adults

Question 3

Adults don’t go through Angiogenesis, they have

Answer 3

Constant microcirculation
-exceptions are wound healing, endurance training, inflammation, tumors, menstrual cycle

Question 4

Angiogenic growth factors are

Answer 4

Mitogens (cause mitosis (division)) pro mitotic activate receptors on endothelial cells
-these produce proteases that degrade basal lamina to move away from parent vessel

Question 5

Angiogenesis is necessary for

Answer 5

Progression of cancer from small localized neoplasms to larger, growing tumors
-uses vasculature to get nutrients to the tumor

Question 6

The aorta and large arteries sustain

Answer 6

Driving pressure during ventricular diastole (relax)

Question 7

Ventricular contraction creates the force necessary to

Answer 7

Propel blood through the CV system

Question 8

The recoil of the walls of the aorta and arteries ensures

Answer 8

A pressure gradient at all times

Question 9

BP is highest

Answer 9

In the aorta, decreases throughout circuit

Question 10

When is aortic pressure the highest and lowest?

Answer 10

Highest during ventricular contraction (systole): 120mmHg
Lowest during ventricular relaxation (diastole): 80mmHg

Question 11

Pulse Pressure

Answer 11

The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure
PP= SBP- DBP
120-80= 40mmHg PP
-only normally exists on the arterial side of circuit

Question 12

MAP

Answer 12

Mean arterial blood pressure
-reflects driving pressure for blood flow
-not the average of systolic and diastolic pressures -not equal time is spent in each

Question 13

Map Calculation

Answer 13

MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE= Diastolic pressure + 1/3 of the pulse pressure (SBP-DBP)
So MAP= DBP+1/3(SBP-DBP)

Question 14

Hypotension

Answer 14

When BP falls too low (below 90/60)
-can cause driving force of blood to be inadequate

Question 15

Hypertension

Answer 15

When BP is chronically elevated (above 140/90)
-high pressure on vessel walls can cause them to be weak or even rupture and leak
-in the brain this is called a cerebral hemorrhage and can cause loss of neuro function
>stroke

Question 16

Sphygmomanometry

Answer 16

How BP is estimated
-cuff with pump, stethoscope