Cardiovascular Flashcards
Systole
ventricular contraction; atria relaxation
measure of highest arterial pressure?
systole
diastole
ventricular relaxation; atria contraction
measure of the lowest arterial pressure?
diastole
s1
systole
s2
diastole
P wave
depolarization of atria
QRS wave
depolarization of the ventricles
T wave
repolarization of the ventricles
P-R interval
time from depolarization of atria to the depolarization of the ventricles
Q-T interval
beginning of ventricular depolarization to ventricular repolarization
R-R interval
heart rate
Troponins
Cardiac enzyme (CE) thats released during an myocardial infarction (MI)
Hb
hemoglobin
iron based pigment that binds and transports O2 in the blood
PRBC/platelets/FFP
patient receiving blood
Platelets
help to clot blood
why would Hb levels increase (2)?
- dehydration
2. polycythemia
WBC count
immune system
INR
test for people who are on blood thinners (Coumadin)
PTT
“partial thromboplastin time”
Test to see how long it would take blood to clot
HR normal values
60-100 bpm
BP normal values
120/80 mmHg
Respiratory Rate values
12-20 breaths/min
SaO2 values
“saturated oxygen”
95%
as the cerebral motor cortex fires in anticipation/initiation of exercise, what happens to cardiac output
increases
cardiac output
volume of blood ejected from the ventricle
- either the L.V. to the Aorta OR the R.V. to the pulmonary arteries
Cardiac Output equation
CO=HR x SV
Heart Disease: Class 1
no limits
max met=6.5
Heart Disease: Class 2
slight activity limit
max met=4.5
comfortable usually at rest and with less than ordinary activities
- may have shortness of breath, palpatations, or heavy breathing
Heart Disease: Class 3
marked limitation
max met=3.0
usually comfortable at rest but ordinary activity may cause pain, palpatation, or shortness of breath
Heart Disease: Class 4
inability to carry out activity w/o discomfort
max met=1.5
discomfort with any activity
- pain, palpatations, heavy breathing
hemorrage does what to arterial pressure?
decreases
