Cardiovascular Flashcards
what is anastomosis?
arteries connect with each other without an intervening capillary network
what is an end artery?
the only arterial blood supply to a given area (no collateral vessels)
what does infarction mean?
irreversible cell death due to hypoxia causes by loss of arterial blood supply
which kind of blood enters aorta first?
systemic arterial blood
what are the 4 parts of the aorta?
Ascending aorta
Arch of aorta
Thoracic aorta
Abdominal aorta
what is the structure of tunica adventitia?
supporting connective tissue
what is the tunica media structure?
smooth muscle
(elastic fibres in elastic arteries)
what is the tunic intima structure?
single layer of squamous epithelial cells (endothelial cells)
supported by basal lamina
and a thin layer of connective tissue
what separates the tunica intima & media?
internal elastic membrane
what does the vasa vasorum do?
supply the outer parts of large arteries with nutrients
what is the structure of arterioles?
only 1 or 2 layers of smooth muscle in tunica media
almost no tunica adventitiia
what is the structure of capillaries?
only endothelial cells + basal lamina
what is the microvasculature pathway?
Metarteriole (MT): links arterioles and capillaries
Pre-Capillary Sphincter (PS): controls blood flow
Throughfare Channels (TC): tail end of metarteriole that connects to venule
Capillary: material exchange
where is hemopoiesis retained in adults?
skull, ribs, pelvis, vertebrae, proximal femurs
what is venae comitantes?
when small veins run in pairs of more with an artery in a sheath
arterial pulsation pushes venous blood along
what are the 2 main venous systems?
where blood from/ to?
Hepatic Portal: drains venous blood from GI tract & associated organs to liver
Systemic Venous System: drains venous blood from all other organs & tissues to superior & inferior vena cava
where is lymph returned to eventually?
central veins in the root of the neck
what is a feature of the epicardium?
visceral serous pericardium
what is the myocardium made of?
cardiac muscle
what is a feature of the endocardium?
continuous with the endothelium of blood vessels connecting with heart
where do the common iliac arteries supply blood to?
lower limbs
pelvis/perineum
what makes up a neurovascular bundle?
nerve, artery, vein
