All 1 Flashcards
is ganglion CNS or PNS?
PNS
nucleus is CNS
at which level does spinal cord end? what is it called?
L1/L2 disc level 0- conus medullaris
what makes up tetrallogy of fallot?
pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, an overriding aorta and a thick right ventricle
which IL function includes neutrophil chemotaxis?
IL- 8
what is the first Ig produced ?
IgM
which type of organ rejection do cytotoxic T cells mediate?
acute/ chronic
B cells is hyperacute
Which cytokine is responsible for differentiating Th0 cells to Th1 cells?
IL-12
which cells activate B cells & stimulate production of memory B cells?
CD4 T cells
which MCH class is present on all nucleated cells?
MHC class 1
what helps macrophages become superkillers?
TH1
via IFNgamma
what stimulates proliferation of B cells?
TFH
most common cause of myocarditis?
Coxsackie B virus
what is the Frank Starling relationship between?
Stroke volume
preload
is IPF restrictive or obstructive?
restrictive
which pH is suggestive of empyema?
pH less than 7.2
what are calcium and sodium levels in lung cancer?
low sodium - hyponatraemia
high calcium - hypercalcaemia
