Cardiovascular Flashcards
The membranous sac the heart is surrounded by
Pericardium
What is the very outer layer of the pericardium called
Fibrous pericardium
Anatomy and function of pericardium
Dense connective tissue, surrounds the very delicate serous layers
The innermost layer that lines the surface of the heart
Visceral pericardium
At the base of the heart, the visceral pericardium will become what
Parietal pericardium
What is between the visceral pericardium and the fibrous pericardium
Fluid-filled pericardial cavity
Function of the fluid-filled pericardial cavity
The fluid (serous fluid) reduces friction between the membranes when the heart moves
Name of the condition that leads to inflammation of the pericardium due to viral or bacterial infection
Pericarditis
Where does the major blood vessels enter and exit the heart
At the base (we think of it as the top of the heart)
What is the bottom of the heart called
Apex
Which ventricle makes up the apex of the heart since it is the largest chamber
Left ventricle
The two main chambers of the heart
Atria, ventricles
What is the atrium and ventricle separated by from left to right
Interventricular septum
Cattle bone in the heart
Os cordis
Each atrium has what, that’s a small ear like projection that increases the volume of blood
Protruding auricle
What are the ventricular walls marked by
Papillary muscles
Septum function
Prevents blood from one side of the heart mixing with blood on the other side
The 4 major blood vessels that enter blood to the heart
Superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus, right and left pulmonary veins
2 major blood vessels that take blood away from the heart
Pulmonary trunk, ascending aorta
Where does the ascending aorta branch off to
Brachiocephalic, left common carotid, subclavian arteries
What is the heart muscle called
Myocardium
Functions of arteries
Carries oxygenated blood
Functions of veins
Carries deoxygenated blood
Which artery carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs from the heart
Pulmonary artery
