cardiopulm -4 common diagnostic procedures Flashcards
amb electrocardiogram
holter monitor
used to elevuate cardiac rhythmn, efficay of med, and pacemaker function
angiogram
a radiologic examination that injects contrast medium into the blood vessels
can show the location of plaques and the extent of occlusion
bronchoscopy
procedure for the direct visualization of the bronchial tree for diagnostic and theraputic purposes
ID: tumors, bronchitis, foreign bodies, and bleeding
cardiac catherization
a thin catheter is inserted into an art in the leg or arm and this is advance to the coronary arteries
can eval narrowing or occlusion of the cornary arteries and measure BP in the heart and oxygen in the blood
what is a carotid ultra sound
a procedure that uses sound to exam and visualize the structure and function of the carotid arteries
angioplasty
a minimally invasive procedure that widens narrowed or blocked arteries or veins
what is the purpose of a cartotid ultrasound
used to examine and visualize blockages (stroke risk)
stent placement
what is the purpose of CT scans
X ray machine that rotates around a pt
computer creates a picture of the organs and the structures around it
echocardiography
non-invasive sound waves
evaluates the function of the heart in real time
provide info on size and function of the ventricles , thickness of septum, and the function of the walls, valves, and chamber of the heart
electrophysiologic testing
uses 3-5 catheters inserted into a blood vessel abd threads to the heart
help to locate abnormal tissue that cause arrhythmias
what is fluroscopy
continuous xray - shows the heart and lungs
what has fluroscopy been replace with other methods
large amount of radation
swans -ganz catheter
placed at the pulmonary artery
obtains: pulomanry art wedge pressure, left atrial pressure, volume, and temp
where does a central venous pressure line measure
vena cava or the right atrium
what can we use to measure cardiac output
thermodilution catheter
MRI
uses a magnetic field and radion wave to creat a 3-D picture
- heart
-blood vessels
asses the size and function of the chambers, thickness and movement of walls,
damage cause by MI
presence of plaques or blockages
myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI)
other names: radionuclide stress test or nuclear stress test
shows how well the heart muscle is perfused at rest and under exercise stress
what is a pharma stress test
stress test where cardiovascular stress is induced by pharma agents when contraindcation to exercise tress test exist
used in combo w/ imaging techniques
what are some agent used in pharma stress test
adensosine
dipyridamole
dobutamine
what is a phonocardiography
diagnostic procedure
creates a graphic record of the sound produced by the heart and the great vessels
improves the detectionof S3 and S4 sounds
what is a pleuroscopy
examines the lung surfaces, pleura and pleura spaces
uses small video cam
tissue sample can be taken for biopsy
what is a positron emission tomography (PET)
small amount of radioactive material is injected, inhaled or swallowed
radioactive material tend to accumulate in areas with high levels of chemical activity ocrresponding to areas of disease
useful for heart disease and cancer
what is thoracentesis
procedure that involves the removal of fluid from the pleural space for mircobiotic studies and cytologic studies
what is a venography
a radioplaque dye is injected into the vien while a x-ray procedure creates a image of the vein to detect a blockage or clot
what is a ventilation-perfusion scan
other names: lung scan or V/Q scan
uses a small amount of radioactive material to study airflow and blood flow within the lungs
normally used to dx PE
