Cardiology: Responses to Shock Flashcards
What is shock?
An abnormality of the circulatory system resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation
What is the primary source for ensuring perfusion to the organs?
MAP
What is hypovolaemic shock?
Loss of blood volume results in a decreased venous return to the heart- decreased EDV- decreased SV- decreased CO and BP- inadequate tissue perfusion
What is cardiogenic shock?
Sustained hypotension caused by decreased cardiac contractility
Name causes of an obstructive shock.
Tension pneumothorax
Cardiac tamponade
PE
Aortic stenosis
What results in the decreased venous return to the heart in obstuctive shock>
Increased intrathoracic pressure
What causes a neurogenic shock?
Loss of sypathetic tone- results in venous and arterial vasodilation- decreased venous return to the heart and decreased TPR- decreased CO and BP- inadequate perfusion
What is vasoactive shock>
Release of vasodilators causes vasodilation and increased capillary permeability
How do you treat shock?
ABCDE approach:
High flow oxygen
Fluids
How would you specifically treat cardiogenic shock?
inotropes such as dobutamine
How would you treat an obstructive shock caused by a tension pneumothorax?
Immediate chest drain
How do you treat anaphalactic shock?
Adrenaline
How do you treat septic shock?
Vassopressors
What things can cause hypovolaemic shock?
HAEMORRHAGE
vomiting
diarrhoea
Sweating
How long do compensatory mechanisms last in haemorrhagic shock?
unit more than 30 percent of blood vol is lost
