Cardio-respiratory System

Question 1

Transport oxygen (functions of CVS)

Answer 1

Carries it around body in blood
Carries it to muscles and vital organs.
Needed in energy production for activity.

Question 2

Transport of CO2 (functions of CVS)

Answer 2

By-product during energy production.

Away from muscles.

Question 3

Transports nutrients (functions of CVS)

Answer 3

Broken down from food we eat.

Transports nutrients to body through blood.

Question 4

Clotting or open wounds (functions of CVS)

Answer 4

Platelets transported in blood help clot wounds.

Needed so you don’t bleed to death if you get cut.To keep playing.

Question 5

Regulation of body temperature (functions of CVS)

Answer 5

Vasodilation: body gets too hot so blood vessels under skin get bigger increasing blood flow so heat radiates from skin.

Vasoconstriction: body gets too cold so blood vessels under skin get smaller decreasing blood flow so less heat lost from radiation.

Question 6

Arteries

Answer 6

Structure: Thick muscular elastic walls.Small lumen.
Function: Carry blood at high pressure AWAY from heart.Carried oxygenated blood.
Ex: carry oxygenated blood away from heart to send it around to our body to muscles that need oxygen to contract.

Question 7

Veins

Answer 7

Structure: Thin walls.Large lumen.Has valves.
Functions: carry blood at low pressure TOWARDS heart.Carries deoxygenated blood.
Ex: carry deoxygenated blood back to heart so it’s re-oxygenated to release energy.

Question 8

Capillaries

Answer 8

Structure: Very thin walls.Small lumen.
Functions: links small arteries to small veins.Carry blood at very low pressure.
Ex: Allows gas exchange, wall very thin allowing gases and nutrients to pass through, getting oxygen to muscles and removes CO2.

Question 9

Plasma

Answer 9

Liquid part of blood.

Transports blood cells, platelets and nutrients around the body.

Question 10

Red blood cells

Answer 10

Carries oxygen and removes CO2.

Oxygen cells joins with hemoglobin in red blood cells and transported to working muscles needed to aerobic activity.

Question 11

White blood cells

Answer 11

Help fight infections.

Fights any infections or diseases.

Question 12

Platelets

Answer 12

Helps prevent bleeding as they stick to each other to walls of blood vessels.
If Performer gets cut in activity platelets stick together forming a scab to prevent further bleeding.

Question 13

Inhaled air (% of gases)

Answer 13

Nitrogen- 78%
Oxygen- 21%
Carbon dioxide- 0.04%

Question 14

Exhaled air (% of gases)

Answer 14

Nitrogen- 78%
Oxygen- 16%
Carbon dioxide- 4%

Question 15

Explanation of gases that are exhaled and inhaled

Answer 15

Nitrogen: doesn’t change as body does not use it during physical activity.
Oxygen: levels drop as oxygen used in energy production for activity, so there’s less oxygen to breathe out.
Carbon dioxide: levels increase as CO2 is by-product of energy production.

Question 16

Lung volumes (2 types)

Answer 16

Vital capacity: maximum amazing of air lungs exhale after maximum amount of air inhaled.
Tidal volume: amount of air inspired or expired in normal breath.And during exercises it increases because you need more oxygen in blood for energy production.

Question 17

Lungs

Answer 17

Left and right Lung.
Allow movement of air in and out of body.
Air enters lungs during inspiration.
Air leaves lungs during expiration.

Question 18

Bronchi and bronchioles.

Answer 18

Air travels to each of lungs via bronchi.
Passages that air travels down get smaller as bronchi divides.
Smaller airways of bronchi are bronchioles.
Bronchioles branch out and carry air from bronchi to alveoli.

Question 19

Alveoli

Answer 19

Tiny air sacs.
Attached to bronchioles throughout lungs.
Has exchange happens there.

Question 20

Diaphragm

Answer 20

Inhalation: contracts and flattens making more space in chest so lungs can expand and pull air in.
Exhalation: relaxes and returns to normal shape making chest smaller.Forces air out.

Question 21

Alveoli to capillaries (gas exchange)

Answer 21

Gases move from high to low area of concentration.
Alveoli place if high concentration of O2.
Capillaries place of low concentration of O2.
Movement occurs though walls of capillaries and alveoli.
O2 then transported around body.

Question 22

Capillaries to alveoli (gas exchange)

Answer 22

Capillaries have high pressure of CO2.
Alveoli have low pressure of CO2.
Movement goes from high to low pressure.
CO2 moved out of blood, into alveolus and breathed out.