Cardio Physiology Flashcards
The two lower chambers of the heart which received blood from the atria and put it into the arteries
Ventricles
A protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen to tissues
Hemoglobin
Is salt of carbonic acid which one hydrogen atom has been replaced
Bicarbonate
A tiny thin-walled capillary-rich sac in the lungs ,where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place
Alveoli
The primary vein collecting blood from the head chest wall and upper extremities and draining into the right atrium
Superior vena cava
A three segmented valve of the heart that keeps blood in the right ventricle from flowing back into the right atrium
Tricuspid valve
The contraction of the chambers of the heart especially the ventricles to drive blood into the aorta and pulmonary artery
Systole
The relaxation and dilation of the heart chambers especially the ventricles during which they fill with blood
Diastole
A semilunar valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery which prevents blood from flowing from the artery back into the heart
Pulmonary semilunar valve
A vein that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart
Pulmonary vein
A valve of the heart composed of two triangular flaps that is located between the left atrium and left ventricle the regulates blood flow between these chambers
Bicuspid valve
A heart valve comprising three flaps which guards the passage from the left ventricle to the aorta and prevents the back flow of blood
Aortic valve
He major artery that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to be delivered throughout the body
Aorta
The muscular tissue at the heart
Myocardium
A small mass of specialised cardiac muscle fibres that controls the heartbeat
Sinoatrial (SA) node
A small mass of specialised cardiac muscle fibers between the atria and the ventricles of the heart which conducts the normal electrical impulses from the atria SA node to the ventricles
Atrioventricular AV node
Part of the impulse conducting network of the heart there rapidly transmit impulses from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles
Bundle branches
Electrical activation of the myocardium. Occurs in the sinoatrial (SA) atrial node; current travels through the tracts of the atria to the atrioventricular node then through the bundle of His which divides into right and left bundle branches
Wave of depolarisation
The volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart in a single beat
Stroke Volume
The number of heart beats per unit of time usually expressed as beats per minute
Heart rate
The volume of blood being pumped by the heart it is equal to the heart rate multiplied by the stroke volume
Cardiac output
The pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels especially the arteries
Blood pressure
Detect the pressure of blood and can send messages to the central nervous system to increase or decrease total peripheral resistance in cardiac output
Baroreceptors
Dilation or expansion in flow width of a blood vessel
Vasodilation
Construction or reduction in flow width of a blood vessel
Vasoconstriction
Resistance of the blood vessels the body
Peripheral resistance
A fat deposit on the inside wall of a blood vessel
Plaque
Deliver large quantities of blood to different regions of the body
Conducting arteries
Tiny blood vessels throughout the body that connect arteries and veins
Capillaries
One of the small thin walled arteries that end in capillaries
Arterioles
A Vanlier a flat epithelial cells that lines blood vessels
Endothelium
Small veins that join capillaries to larger veins
Venules
A measure of ease with which a structure may be deformed r distended
Compliance
And accumulation of blood in the venous system that can reduce blood returning to the heart
Blood pooling
A chronic condition characterised by thickening and hardening of the arteries and the buildup of plaque on the arterial walls
Atherosclerosis
A form of low blood pressure precipitative by moving from a lying or sitting position to standing up straight
Orthostatic hypotension
The clear fluid portion of blood in which cells are suspended
Plasma
Cells in the blood their transport oxygen and carbon Dioxide to and from the tissues
Red blood cells
A group of several cell types that occur in the bloodstream and are essential for a properly functioning immune system
White blood cells
A type of blood cells responsible for blood coagulation and for the repair of damage blood vessels
Platelets
The proportion by volume of the blood that consists of red blood cells
Hematocrit
Red blood cells
Erythrocytes
A strain against a closed airway combined with muscle tightening. Holding breath while moving a heavy object
Valsalva maneuver
Consists of the blood vessels that supply blood to, and remove blood from, the heart muscle itself
Coronary circulation
The measure of myocardial oxygen consumption
Rate pressure product
The two upper chambers in the heart which receives blood from the veins and push it into the ventricles
Atria
Transport deoxygenated blood back to the heart
Veins
Deliver large quantities of blood to different regions of the body
Arteries
