Biomechanics

Question 1

Force exerted on a system or on some of its components by a source outside of the system

Answer 1

External forces

Question 2

Stretching force (tension) pulling at both ends of a component or structure along its length

Answer 2

Tensile force

Question 3

Pushing force whose direction and point of application would tend to shorten or squeeze an object along the dimension coinciding with the line of action of the force.

Answer 3

Compressive force

Question 4

Force between two objects (or an object and a surface) that are in contact with each other

Answer 4

Contact force

Question 5

Force acting on body when not in motion, but when force is acting on it.

Answer 5

Frictional force

Question 6

Muscle whose torque prevents movement at a joint

Answer 6

Stabilizer

Question 7

Role of a muscle whose torque cancels or eliminates the undesired effect of the torque produced by another muscle at the joint to allow a desired movement only

Answer 7

Neutralizer

Question 8

Muscle the causes an action

Answer 8

Prime mover

Question 9

A single sided or unbalanced load or weight distribution

Answer 9

Asymmetrical load

Question 10

Capacity to do work

Answer 10

Energy

Question 11

Transfer of energy by a force acting to displace the body

Answer 11

Work

Question 12

Energy possessed by a body because of its motion

Answer 12

Kinetic energy

Question 13

Energy stored by an object by virtue of its position

Answer 13

Potential energy

Question 14

The rate of doing work

Answer 14

Power

Question 15

A unit of power equal to one joule per second

Answer 15

Watt

Question 16

Turning effect created by a force about an axis

Answer 16

Torque

Question 17

Force whose line of action passes through the center of gravity of an object

Answer 17

Centric force

Question 18

Force whose line of action does not pass through the center of gravity of an object

Answer 18

Eccentric force

Question 19

Distance between the fulcrum and the resistance point

Answer 19

Resistance arm

Question 20

Torque created by a pair of oppositely directed forces about an axis

Answer 20

Force couples

Question 21

Relation of a muscles pull to the joint

Answer 21

Line of action

Question 22

Point of where the mass of object is equally balanced. Also called center of mass

Answer 22

Center of gravity

Question 23

Group of body segments that are connected by joints and operate together to provide a wide range of motion for a limb

Answer 23

Kinetic chain

Question 24

As a rotating body spins about an external or internal axis (fixed or unfixed) it opposes any change in the body’s speed of rotation that may be caused by the torque

Answer 24

Rotational inertia

Question 25

Product of momentum of rotating body and its distance from the axis of rotation. Amount of rotation of the body

Answer 25

Angular momentum

Question 26

Role of a muscle whose torque opposes the action referred to or muscle referred to

Answer 26

Antagonist

Question 27

Role of a muscle whose torque aids the action referred to as the prime mover

Answer 27

Agonist

Question 28

The force production relationship between an agonist and antagonist muscle or group of muscles

Answer 28

Strength balance

Question 29

Stable state characterised by cancellation of all forces by equal opposing forces

Answer 29

Balance

Question 30

Sum of all external forces acting on the body equal zero; determines the ability to balance

Answer 30

Static equilibrium

Question 31

Kinetic transferred into potential energy and back into kinetic energy for increased force output

Answer 31

Strength shortening cycle

Question 32

Components of stability are (4)

Answer 32

Mass of object Height of center of gravity Line of gravitational pull Base of support

Question 33

Force exerted by one part of a system on another part within the same system

Answer 33

Internal force