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Ncsf Advance Concepts Of Personal Training > Bioenergetics > Flashcards

Bioenergetics Flashcards

1
Q

Unit measuring the energy value of foods, calibrated by quantity of heat required to raise temperature of 1 gram of water by one degree Celsius

A

Calorie

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2
Q

Unit of energy equal to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of kilo gram of water by one degree Celsius

A

Kilocalorie

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3
Q

Is the measurement of heat generated as a result of metabolism

A

Direct calorimetry

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4
Q

Represents the actual energy that the body will yield from the foods it consumes, how the body digests

A

Coefficient of digestiibility

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5
Q

Protein that catalysed a biochemical reaction or change

A

Enzyme

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6
Q

Organic compound found in muscle and other tissues that catalyzes the reversible conversion of ADP and phosphocreatine into ATP and creatine

A

Creatine kinase

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7
Q

The process of adding an inorganic phosphate back to a molecule such as ADP

A

Re-phosphorylate

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8
Q

Process of energy production in the body in the absence of freely available oxygen

A

Anaerobic

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9
Q

Metabolic process that breaks down carbs and sugar, through series of pyruvic acid or lactic acid, releasing energy for the body in the form of ATP

A

Glycolysis

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10
Q

Intracellular organelle responsible for generating most of the ATP required for cellular operations

A

Mitochondria

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11
Q

Chemical reaction where the variation of free energy is negative, identifying the direction that the reaction will follow

A

Exergonic reaction

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12
Q

Energy substrate produced during the metabolic breakdown of glucose

A

Lactic acid

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13
Q

Energy substrate deemed as the end product in glycolysis

A

Pyruvate

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14
Q

Physical or mental weariness resulting from exertion

A

Fatigue

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15
Q

Buffered from lactic acid which can serve as an additional energy source

A

Lactate

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16
Q

Generation of glucose from other organic molecules like pyruvate, lactate, glycerol, and amino acids (alanine and glutamine)

A

Glucoenogenisis

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17
Q

Describes the specifics for the transport of heat and work in thermodynamic processes

A

Law of thermodynamics

18
Q

Refers to the recycling of lactate or lactic acid produced by muscle during anaerobic metabolism. Lactate converted to glucose by the liver

A

Cori cycle

19
Q

Formation of oxygen debt. Difference between oxygen uptake of the body in early stages of exercise and during a similar duration in a steady state of exercise

A

Oxygen deficit

20
Q

Body’s ability to produce energy (ATP) in the presence of freely available oxygen

A

Aerobic system

21
Q

Amount of extra oxygen required by muscle tissue during post exercise recovery from vigorous activity

A

Recovery oxygen consumption

22
Q

Basic organic molecules consisting of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen that combine to form proteins

A

Amino acids

23
Q

Cortisol released during exercise will remove proteins from tissue. Including leucine, isoleucine, glutamine, aspartic acid, and valine, used as fuel during long term exercise boughts

A

Branches chained amino acids

24
Q

Series of enzymatic reaction in the mitochondria, involving oxidative metabolism of acetyl compounds, which produce high-energy phosphate compounds (ATP) that are the source of cellular energy

A

Citric acid cycle or kreb cycle

25
Q

The formation of ATP from the energy released by the oxidation of various substrates, especially the organic acids involved in the kreb cycle

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

26
Q

Consist of a glycerol and three fatty acids bound in a single large molecule; an important energy source forming much of the fat stored by the body

A

Triglycerides

27
Q

An enzyme capable of breaking down a lipid (fat) molecule

A

Lipase

28
Q

Form part of a lipid molecule and can be derivative from fat by hydrolysis, often with a long aliphatic tail (long chains) either saturated or unsaturated

A

Fatty acids

29
Q

The breakdown of lipids

A

Lipolysis

30
Q

A blood proteins produced in the liver that helps to regulate water distribution in the body

A

Albumin

31
Q

My fatty acids are not attached to other molecules they are known as free fatty acids

A

Free fatty acid

32
Q

Compounds of proteins are Keary fairs and fat like substances such as cholesterol in the blood

A

Lipoproteins

33
Q

Is the process by which fats are broken down in the mitochondria to generate acetyl-CoA, the entry for the citric acid cycle

A

Beta oxidation

34
Q

A compound that functions as a coenzyme in many biological Acetylation reactions is formed as an intermediate in the oxidation of carbohydrates fats and proteins

A

Acetyl-CoA

35
Q

To break down a protein by removing an amino group

A

Deaminate

36
Q

The transfer of an amino acid from one molecule to another without the intermediate formation of ammonia

A

Transamination

37
Q

A series of oxidation reduction reactions during the aerobic production of ATP

A

Electron transport

38
Q

The buffered form of oxaloacetic acid that binds with acetyl- CoA to enter the citric acid cycle

A

Oxaloacetate

39
Q

Fatigue during physical work caused by an inability of the body to supply sufficient energy to the contracting muscles to methane creased energy demand. This causes contractile dysfunction that is manifested in the eventual reduction or lack of ability of a single muscle or local group of muscles to do work

A

Acute peripheral fatigue

40
Q

The central component to fatigue generally described as a reduction in the neural drive or nerve based motor command to working muscles that results in a decline in the force output

A

Central fatigue

41
Q

an organic compound of creatine and phosphoric acid; found in the muscles of vertebrates where its hydrolysis releases energy for muscular contraction

Low rep schemes, longer rest, max performance in energy

Resting 10-15 sec, replenish 2-5 min

A

Creatine phosphate

42
Q

Phase of metabolism involving use of oxygen and mitochondria

A

Aerobic

Ncsf Advance Concepts Of Personal Training (10 decks)

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