Cardio conditions Flashcards
Definition of a duct dependent systemic circulation
Need a patent ducterios arteriosus to survive
Infections in which trimester would affect the heart
First trimester
Cause of crescendo ejection systolic murmur at upper RSE
Aortic stenosis
radiates to neck
Cause of crescendo ejection systolic murmur at upper LSE
Pulmonary stenosis
Causes of murmur below L clavicle
- Patent ductus arteriosus (continuous machinery-like murmur)
- Coarctation of aorta (non-specific systolic murmur)
Causes of ejection systolic murmur at LSE
- Tetralogy of fallot (harsh)
- ASD
Causes of pansystolic murmur t lower LSE
VSD
Which congenital heart anomalies do not usually present with murmur
- TGA
2. AVSD
4 components of Tetralogy of Fallot
- Pulmonary stenosis
- Overriding aorta
- Large VSD
- RV hypertrophy
What are the non-cyanotic congenital heart diseases (3)
- ASD
- VSD
- PDA
What are the cyanotic congenital heart diseases (2)
- Tetralogy of fallot
2. Transposition of the great arteries
Which 2 conditions cause outflow obstruction in a well child
- Pulmonary stenosis
2. Aortic stenosis
Which condition causes outflow obstruction in a sick child
Coarctation of the aorta
What is Eisenmenger syndrome
Chronically increased pulmonary resistance
What test is used to detect cyanotic congenital heart disease
Hyperoxia (nitrogen oxide) test
What cardiac anomalies are associated with Down’s
- ASD
- VSD
- AVSD
What cardiac anomalies are associated with foetal alcohol syndrome
- ASD
- VSD
- Tetralogy of fallot
What cardiac anomalies are associated with rubella infection
- Pulmonary stenosis
2. PDA
What cardiac anomalies are associated with maternal diabetes
Increased incidence overall in all types
4 features of an innocent murmur in a child
- Asymptomatic
- Soft blowing murmur
- Systolic (not diastolic)
- Over LSE
Signs of Kawasaki’s
Fever >5 days + 4/5 of
- Conjuctivitis
- Rash (body, genitals)
- Oedema (hands, feet)
- Cervical lymphadenopathy
- Strawberry tongue
Management of heart failure in children
- Diuretics
2. Captopril
What cardiac drug should not be used in children <12
Aspirin
liver not mature enough to metabolise
