Cardio

Question 1

Aortic Stenosis

Answer 1

Systolic murmur (occurs after S1 before S2)
Crescendo-decrescendo 
Loudest @ base, radiates to carotids

Question 2

Mitral Regurgitation

Answer 2

Holosystolic, high-pitched, “blowing”
Loudest at apex, radiates to axilla
Presence of S3 indicates severity

Question 3

Mitral Stenosis

Answer 3

Diastolic rumbling murmur
Opening Snap
Smaller interval btwn S2 and opening snap indicates severity

Question 4

Aortic Regurgitation

Answer 4

Early diastolic, high pitched, “blowing”, decrescendo murmur
Head bobbing
Water-Hammer pulses (wide pulse pressure)

Question 5

VSD murmur

Answer 5

Holosystolic, harsh-sounding murmur

Loudest at Tricuspid area

Question 6

Patent Ductus Arteriosus murmur

Answer 6

Machine-like continuous murmur loudest at S2

Best heard at left infraclavicular area

Question 7

HOCM murmur

Answer 7

Loudest w/ Valsalva/standing up (increased pressure) bc of decreased preload so the severity of outflow obstruction from LV is greater w/ lower preload

Question 8

LAD infarction - what leads?

Answer 8

V1-V2 (anterosepetal)
V3-V4 (anteroapical)
V5-V6 (anterolateral)

Question 9

Lateral infarct - what artery and leads?

Answer 9

LCX (I and aVL)

Question 10

Inferior infarct - what artery and leads?

Answer 10

RCA (leads II, III and aVF)

Question 11

Posterior infarct - what artery and leads?

Answer 11

PDA