Cardiac Meds

Question 1

Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)

Class

Answer 1

Analgesic, Antipyretic, Platelet Inhibitor, Anti-inflammatory

Question 2

Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)

Indication

Answer 2

Chest pain suggestive of an MI, mild pain age>16

Question 3

Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)

Contraindications

Answer 3

Hypersensitivity to salicylates, active ulcer disease, asthma

Question 4

Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)

Dosage

Answer 4

324mg PO (chewable)

Pain: 324-650 mg PO

Question 5

Atropine

Class

Answer 5

Parasympatholytic

Question 6

Atropine

Description

Answer 6

Blocks the parasympathetic nervous system, specifically the vagal effects on heart rate. May increase myocardial oxygen demand. Decreases airway secretions.

Question 7

Atropine

Indications

Answer 7

Bradycardia, WMD Agents, organophosphate poisoning

Question 8

Atropine

Dosage Symptomatic Bradycardia

Answer 8

Adult: .5-1 mg IV/IO. Repeat 3-5mins up to 3mg

Double dose in endotracheal tube, max 6mg

Pedi: (See color chart) .02 mg/kg IV.

Question 9

Atropine

Dosage Organophosphate Poisoning

Answer 9

Adult: 1-2mg IV/IM/IO or as directed by Med Control
Pedi: .02 mg/kg IV/IM/IO or as directed by Med Control

Question 10

Dopamine (Intropin)

Class

Answer 10

Sympathomimetic

Question 11

Dopamine (Intropin)

Description

Answer 11

Naturally occuring catecholamine that increases cardiac output without appreciably increasing mycardial oxygen consumption. It maintains renal and mesenteric blood flow while inducing vasoconstriction and increasing systolic blood pressure

Question 12

Dopamine (Intropin)

Indications

Answer 12

Nonhypovolemic hypotension (70-100mmHg) and cardiogenic shock

Question 13

Dopamine (Intropin)

Containdications

Answer 13

Hypovolemic hypotension without aggressive fluid resuscitation, tacydysrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation, and pheochromocytoma

Question 14

Dopamine (Intropin)

Precautions

Answer 14

Ensure adequate fluid resuscitation of the hypovolemic patient

Question 15

Dopamine (Intropin)

Dosage

Answer 15

Adult: 2-20 mcg/kg/min starting cadiac dose, titrated to effect
Pedi: same

Question 16

Diltiazem (Cardizem)

Class

Answer 16

Calcium Channel Blocker

Question 17

Diltiazem (Cardizem)

Description

Answer 17

Slow calciun channel blocker similar to verapamil. It dilates coronary and peripheral arteries and arterioles, thus increasing circulation to the heart and reducing peripheral vasculer resistance

Question 18

Diltiazem (Cardizem)

Indications

Answer 18

Narrow complex tachycardia

Mainly A-fib/A-flutter

Question 19

Diltiazem (Cardizem)

Contraindications

Answer 19

wide complex tachycardia and WPW

Question 20

Diltiazem (Cardizem)

Dosage

Answer 20

Adult: .25 mg/kg IV over 2 mins, may repeat as needed with .35 mg/kg

Pedi: none

Question 21

Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat)

Class

Answer 21

Nitrate

Question 22

Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat)

Description

Answer 22

Rapid smooth muscle relaxant that reducesperipheral vascular resistance, blood pressure, venous return, and cardiac workload

Question 23

Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat)

Indictions

Answer 23

Chest pain associated with angina and acute myocardial infarction, and acute pulmonary edema

Question 24

Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat)

Contraindications

Answer 24

Hypersensitivity, tolerance to nitrates, severe anemia, head trauma, hypotension, increased ICP, patients taking ED drugs, glaucoma, and shock

Question 25

Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) Precautions

Answer 25

May induce headache that is sometimes severe. Light sensitivity and will lose potency when exposed to air

Question 26

Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) Dosage

Answer 26

1 tablet (.4mg) SL. May be repeated 3-5mins up to 3 tablets 1 inch of topical ontment .4mg (one spray) SL up to 3 sprays/25mins

Question 27

Norepinephrine Indication

Answer 27

Sepsis - hypotension SBP < 90

Question 28

Norepinephrine Adult dose

Answer 28

Sepsis: 1-10 mcg/kg/min IV/IO

Question 29

Norepinephrine Pedi dose

Answer 29

Sepsis: 0.1-2 mcg/kg/min IV/IO