Allergic Reactions Flashcards
Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)
Class
Corticosteriod, Anti-inflammatory
Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)
Description
synthetic adrenal corticosteriod, effective as an anti-inflammatory. Used in management of allergic reations and some shock. Sometimes used in treatment of spinal cord injury.
Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)
Indications
Spinal cord injury, asthma, severe anaphylaxis, COPD
Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)
Contracindications
No major contraindications in emergency setting
Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)
Precautions
Single dose only in prehospital setting
Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)
Dosage
Adult: 125mg IV/IM
Pedi: 1-2 mg/kg IV/IM
Spinal cord injury: 30 mg/kg IV over 15 mins
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Class
Antihistamine
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Description
Blocks histamine release, thereby reducing bronchoconstriction, vasodilation, and edema
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Indications
Anaphylaxis, allergic reations, and dystonic reactions
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Contraindications
Asthma and other lower respiratory diseases
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Precautions
May induce hypotension, headache, palpitations, tachycardia, sedation, drowsiness, and disturbed coordination
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Dosage
Adult: 25-50mg IV/IM
Pedi: 1-2 mg/kg IV
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Class
Sympathomimetic
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Description
Naturally occuring catecholamine that increases heart rate, cardiac contractile force, myocardial electrical activity, systemic vascular resistance, and systolic blood pressure. Decreases overall airway resistance and automaticity. Through bronchial artery constriction, may reduce pulmonary congestion and increase tidal volume and vital capacity
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Indications
Restore rhythm in cardiac arrest, severe allergic reactions, COPD, asthma
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Contraindications
Narrow angle glaucoma; hemorrhagic, traumatic, or cardiac shock
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Dosage Adult bradycardia
2-5mcg/min IV drip mix 1mg/250cc
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Dosage Asthma/COPD
.01mg/kg to max of .3mg 1:1,000 SQ
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Dosage Arrest
Adult: 1mg of 1:10,000 IV / 3-5mins (ET: 2-2.5 mg 1:1,000)
Pedi: .01mg/kg 1:10,000 IV/IO All subsequent doses .1 mg/kg IV/IO. No max
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Dosage Allergic reactions
Adult: .3mg of 1:1,000 IM / 5-15 min as needed or .5-1mg 1:10,000 IV if IM dose ineffective or severe reaction. Consider IV drip 2-10mcg/min if severe
Pedi: .01mg/kg (Max .5) of 1:1,000 IM/10-15 min or .01mg/kg of 1:10,000 IV if IM dose is ineffective or severe
