carbs

Question 1

empirical formula of carbohydrates

Answer 1

CHO

Question 2

Carbohydrates are composed of what molecules linked together? Because they contain

Answer 2

sugar (saccharides)

Question 3

Cheapest source of cellular fuel in the form of ATP / energy

Answer 3

Carbohydrates

Question 4

2 groups of carbohydrates

Answer 4

1. polyhydroxy aldehydes
2. polyhydroxy ketones

Question 5

polyhydroxy aldehydes carbonyl group

Answer 5

terminal carbon atom

Question 6

polyhydroxy ketones carbonyl group

Answer 6

second carbon atom

Question 7

importance/functions of carbs

Answer 7

1. major source of cellular fuel
2. structural component of living cells
3. building materials

Question 8

containing only 1 saccharide unit

Answer 8

monosaccharides

Question 9

suffix

Answer 9

'’ose’’

Question 10

contain the same number of atoms of the same element but differ in the structural arrangement and properties

Answer 10

isomers

Question 11

two sugars which differ only in the configuration around a single C atom

Answer 11

epimers

Question 12

4 different radicals are attached

Answer 12

asymmetric carbon

Question 13

same molecular and structural formula but differ in the orientation of atoms

Answer 13

stereoisomerism

Question 14

the ability to form two sugars (mirror of each other)

Answer 14

enantiomers

Question 15

the change in optical rotation to achieve equilibrium

Answer 15

mutarotation

Question 16

2 mutarotations

Answer 16

1. dextrorotatory (right)
2. levorotatory (left)

Question 17

different monosaccharides

Answer 17

1. glucose
2. galactose
3. mannose
4. fructose

Question 18

most abundant sugar found in the blood stream ; grape sugar, blood sugar, plasma sugar

Answer 18

glucose

Question 19

brain sugar ; not natural sugar

Answer 19

galactose

Question 20

natural ketohexose ; sweetest of all sugars (honey)

Answer 20

fructose

Question 21

combination of two monosaccharides

Answer 21

disaccharides

Question 22

disaccharides

Answer 22

1. sucrose
2. lactose
3. maltose
4. cellobiose

Question 23

1 glucose + 1 fructose ; table sugar ; artificial sweeteners

Answer 23

sucrose

Question 24

1 glucose + 1 galactose ; milk

Answer 24

lactose

Question 25

glucose + glucose ; alcoholic sugar

Answer 25

maltose

Question 26

complex structures of carbohydrates ; contains many monosaccharide units

Answer 26

polysaccharides

Question 27

carbohydrates with similar repeating units

Answer 27

homopolysaccharides

Question 28

upon hydrolysis; yields sugar and sugar derivatives

Answer 28

heteropolysaccharides

Question 29

dietary carbohydrates

Answer 29

1. starch 2. sucrose 3. cellulose 4. lactose 5. glycogen 6. pentosan

Question 30

simple diffusion sugar

Answer 30

pentose

Question 31

active transport sugar

Answer 31

glucose and galactose

Question 32

veins of GIT

Answer 32

1. superior mesenteric veins 2. splenic veins 3. inferior mesenteric veins

Question 33

serves to capture the monosaccharides in the cells

Answer 33

phosphorylation

Question 34

enzymes of phosphorylation

Answer 34

hexokinases