Carboxylic acids and esters

Question 1

What type of acids are carboxylic acids

Answer 1

Weak acids

Question 2

Solubility of carboxylic acids

Answer 2

Small chain carboxylic acids are soluble in water, can form h bonds

Question 3

What does reacting carboxylic acid with alcohol produce + conditions + name of reaction?

Answer 3

An ester + water, uses strong acid catalyst and reflux
Esterification (condensation reaction)

Question 4

Use of esters + characteristics

Answer 4

Used in food flavourings and perfume, sweet smelling compounds.
Low bp and good solvent

Question 5

How are triglyceride esters formed

Answer 5

Glycerol undergoes esterification

Question 6

What comes first when naming an ester

Answer 6

Alcohol
“Ester always puts her alcohol first”
eg.
Methanol + ethanoic acid –> Methyl ethanoate + water

Question 7

How do you make an alcohol out of an ester?

Answer 7

Hydrolysis
Ester + water –> Alcohol + carboxylic acid
Can be done under different conditions for different results

Question 8

Hydrolysis of ester under alkaline conditions (NaOH)+ what is process called and used for

Answer 8

Ester + NAOH –> Carboxylate salt + Alcohol
Saponification
Used as soaps due to hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties

Question 9

Use of glycerol

Answer 9

Cosmetics
Solvent in medicines
Solvent in food
Used to plasticise material