Aromatic chemistry Flashcards
What is the structure of benzene
6 pi electrons overlap, causing a ring of delocalised electrons above and below the ring
ALL BOND LENGTHS ARE EQUAL
Planar
Uses of benzene
Plastics
Drugs
Pesticide
Lubricant
Catalyst for nitration of benzene
Concentrated H2SO4
Catalyst and conditions for halogenation of benzene
Anhydrous AlCl3
Room temp
Why is a catalyst needed for halogenation of benzene
Ring is too stable to react directly with halogens
Conditions for acylation of benzene
60 degrees reflux for 30 mins
AlCl3 catalyst
Conditions for alkylation of benzene
Room temp
AlCl3 catalyst
What is a friedel crafts reaction
Substitution reaction where an alkyl or acyl chain replaces a hydrogen on an aromatic compound
What is alkylation
hydrogen is replaced with hydrocarbon group on aromatic compound, occurs at room temp with halogenoalkane
What is acylation
hydrogen replaced by carbonyl group using acyl chloride
What are compounds that contain benzene called?
Arenes or aromatic
What is the solubility of arenes like?
Insoluble in water
What is the bp and mp of arenes like?
High melting points due to high delocalised ring stability
Low boiling point
During nitration of benzene, how is the NO2+ nucleophile formed? Write the equation
H2SO4 + HNO3 –> H2NO3^+ + HSO4^-
H2NO3^+ –> H2O + NO2^+
