Carbohydrates Part 2 Flashcards
What are some of the functions of glucose and glycogen ?
glucose provides energy for the brain and ½ of energy for muscles and tissues
glucose is immediate energy
glycogen is stored glucose
glycogen is reserve energy
Name some simple sugars ?
Monosaccharide : Single sugars
Disaccharide :2 monosaccharides
Fruits: Fructose
Milk: Lactose(glucose+galactose)
Sucrose: glucose+fructose
Name some complex carbohydrates ?
starches and fibre
polysaccharides.
chains of monosaccharides
Breads
Pasta
Rice
Starchy vegetables
What happens at the absorptive state ?
The period following a meal.
Nutrients enter the blood as intestinal absorption proceeds.
Liver closely regulates glucose content of blood .
Glucose molecule are polymerised into glycogen: Glycogenesis
The period from the end of the absorptive of to the next meal ?
Body relies on reserves for energy
Liver cells break down glycogen, releasing glucose into blood. Glycogenolysis
What is Glucose Homeostasis ?
maintaining an even balance of glucose is controlled by insulin and glucagon.
insulin
promotes glucose storage
glucagon
mobilises glucose from storage
What is Glycogenosis referred to as ? and where do it start ?
Biosynthesis of Glucose.
It starts in the mouth
What does high levels of Glucose do ?
Insulin by pancreas.
List some Monnosaccharides Yasmin ?
They have a sweet taste
This includes , glucose (dextrose), fructose (levulose), and galactose.
glucose (dextrose) fructose (levulose) galactose. ribose. xylose.
They are the building blocks of disaccharide .
list some Dissacharide Yasmin ?
Sucrose and Lactose
disaccharide (also called a double sugar or bivose) is the sugar formed when two monosaccharides (simple sugars) are joined by glycosidic linkage
Sucrose (saccharose) glucose + fructose. …
Maltose. glucose + glucose. ... Lactose. galactose + glucose. ... Lactulose. galactose + fructose. ... Trehalose. glucose + glucose. ... Cellobiose. glucose + glucose. ...
List some Polysaacharide Yasmin ?
Cellulose and Starch
