Capítulo 6 - Prazo Flashcards
Kim 4.1) You are the project manager for Changing Tides video games. You have gathered the inputs for the Estimate Activity Durations process. Which of the following tools and techniques will you employ to produce the outputs for this process?
A. Activity list, expert judgment, alternatives analysis, analogous estimating, parametric estimating, three-point estimates, and reserve analysis
B. Activity list, expert judgment, analogous estimating, parametric estimating, and threepoint estimates
C. Expert judgment, analogous estimating, parametric estimating, three-point estimates, and reserve analysis
D. Expert judgment, alternatives analysis, analogous estimating, parametric estimating, and three-point estimates
C. The tools and techniques for Estimate Activity Durations are expert judgment, analogous
estimating, parametric estimating, three-point estimates, and reserve analysis.
Kim 4.2) You are the project manager for Changing Tides video games. You have produced a project schedule network diagram and have updated the activity list. Which process have you just finished?
A. The Define Activities process, which identifies all the specific activities of the project
B. The Sequence Activities process, which identifies all the activity dependencies
C. The Develop Schedule process, which diagrams project network time estimates
D. The Estimate Activity Durations process, which estimates activity durations
B. The Sequence Activities process produces project schedule network diagrams and project
document updates, which may include activity attributes. The purpose of this process is
to identify all activity dependencies.
Kim 4.3) Your project’s primary constraint is quality. To make certain the project team members don’t feel too pressed for time and to avoid schedule risk, you decide to use which of the following activity estimating tools?
A. Three-point estimates
B. Analogous estimating
C. Reserve analysis
D. Parametric estimating
C. Reserve analysis
Kim 4.4) You have been hired as a contract project manager for Grapevine Vineyards. Grapevine wants you to design an Internet wine club for its customers. One of the activities for this project is the installation and testing of several new servers. You know from past experience it takes about 16 hours per server to accomplish this task. Since you’re installing 10 new servers, you estimate this activity to take 160 hours. Which of the estimating techniques have you used?
A. Parametric estimating
B. Analogous estimating
C. Bottom-up estimating
D. Reserve analysis
A. Parametric estimating multiplies a known element—such as the quantity of materials needed—by the time it takes to install or complete one unit of materials. The result is a total estimate for the activity. In this case, 10 servers multiplied by 16 hours per server gives you a 160-hour total duration estimate.
Kim 4.5) All of the following statements describe the activity list except which one?
A. The activity list is an output of the Define Activities process.
B. The activity list includes all activities of the project.
C. The activity list is an extension of and a component of the WBS.
D. The activity list includes an identifier and description of the activity.
C. The activity list is a component of the project schedule, not the WBS. The activity list includes all the project activities, an identifier, and a description of the activity. The activity list is an output of the Define Activities process.
Kim 4.6) You have been hired as a contract project manager for Grapevine Vineyards. Grapevine wants you to design an Internet wine club for its customers. Customers must register before being allowed to order wine over the Internet so that legal age can be established. You know that the module to verify registration must be written and tested using data from Grapevine’s existing database. This new module cannot be tested until the data from the existing system is loaded. This is an example of which of the following?
A. Preferential logic
B. Soft logic
C. Discretionary dependency
D. Hard logic
D. This is an example of a mandatory dependency, also known as hard logic. Mandatory dependencies are inherent in the nature of the work. Discretionary dependencies, also called preferred logic, preferential logic, and soft logic, are defined by the project management team.
Kim 4.7) You are the project manager for Design Your Web Site, Inc. Your company is designing the website for a national grocery store chain. You have your activity list in hand and are ready to diagram the activity dependencies using the PDM technique. Which of the following statements is true?
A. PDM is also the AON diagramming method and it uses one time estimate.
B. PDM is also the AOA diagramming method and uses logical relationships.
C. PDM is also the ADM diagramming method and its most common logical relationship is finish-to-start.
D. PDM is also the GERT method, which allows for conditions, branches, and loops.
A. The precedence diagramming method is also known as the activity on node (AON) diagramming method. GERT stands for Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique, a diagramming method that allows for conditions, branches, and loops.
Kim 4.8) You are working on a project that requires resources with expertise in the areas of hospitality management and entertainment. You are preparing your project schedule network diagram and know that you will use only finish-to-start dependencies. Which of the following diagramming methods does this describe?
A. PDM
B. ADM
C. AON
D. Network template
B. The arrow diagramming method uses only finish-to-start dependencies.
Kim 4.9) Which logical relationship does the PDM use most often?
A. Start-to-finish
B. Start-to-start
C. Finish-to-finish
D. Finish-to-start
D. Finish-to-start (FS) is the most commonly used logical relationship in PDM and the default relationship in most project management software packages.
Kim 4.10) You are a project manager for Picture Shades, Inc. It manufactures window shades that have replicas of Renaissance-era paintings for hotel chains. Picture Shades is taking its product to the home market, and you’re managing the new project. It will offer its products at retail stores as well as on its website. You’re developing the project schedule for this undertaking and have determined the critical path. Which of the following statements is true?
A. You calculated the most likely start date and most likely finish dates, float time, and weighted average estimates.
B. You calculated the activity dependency and the optimistic and pessimistic activity duration estimates.
C. You calculated the early and late start dates, the early and late finish dates, and float times for all activities.
D. You calculated the optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely duration times and the float times for all activities.
C. The CPM calculates a single early and late start date and a single early and late finish date for each activity. Once these dates are known, float time is calculated for each activity to determine the critical path. The other answers contain elements of PERT calculations.
Kim 4.11) You are a project manager for Picture Shades, Inc. It manufactures window shades that have replicas of Renaissance-era paintings for hotel chains. Picture Shades is taking its product to the home market, and you’re managing the new project. It will offer its products at retail stores as well as on its website. You’re developing the project schedule for this undertaking. Looking at the following graph, which path is the critical path?
A. A-B-C-E-H
B. A-D-E-H
C. A-F-G-H
D. A-F-G-E-H
B. The only information you have for this example is activity duration; therefore, the critical path is the path with the longest duration. Path A-D-E-H with a duration of 34 days is the critical path.
Kim 4.12) Use the following graphic to answer this question. If the duration of activity B was changed to 10 days and the duration of activity G was changed to 9 days, which path is the critical path?
A. A-B-C-E-H
B. A-D-E-H
C. A-F-G-H
D. A-F-G-E-H
D. The only information you have for this example is activity duration, so you must calculate the critical path based on the durations given. The duration of A-B-C-E-H increased by 3 days for a total of 35 days. The duration of A-F-G-H and A-F-G-E-H each increased by 3 days. A-F-G-E-H totals 36 days and becomes the new critical path.
Kim 4.13) Which of the following statements is true regarding the critical path?
A. It should not be compressed.
B. It allows for looping and branching.
C. The critical path technique is the same as PERT.
D. It’s the duration of all tasks with zero float.
D. You calculate the critical path by adding together the durations of all the tasks with zero float. The critical path can be compressed using crashing techniques.
Kim 4.14) You are a project manager for Move It Now trucking company. Your company specializes in moving household goods across the city or across the country. Your project involves upgrading the nationwide computer network for the company. Your lead engineer has given you the following estimates for a critical path activity: 60 days most likely, 72 days pessimistic, 48 days optimistic. What is the weighted average or expected value?
A. 54
B. 66
C. 60
D. 30
C. The calculation for PERT is the sum of optimistic time plus pessimistic time plus four times the most likely time divided by 6. The calculation for this example is as follows:
(48 + 72 + (4 * 60)) / 6 = 60.
Kim 4.15) You are a project manager for Move It Now trucking company. Your company specializes in moving household goods across the city or across the country. Your project involves upgrading the nationwide computer network for the company. Your lead engineer has given you the following estimates for a critical path activity: 60 days most likely, 72 days pessimistic, 48 days optimistic. What is the standard deviation?
A. 22
B. 20
C. 2
D. 4
D. You calculate the standard deviation by subtracting the optimistic time from the pessimistic time and dividing the result by 6. The calculation for this example is as follows:
(72 – 48) / 6 = 4.
Kim 4.16) If you know the expected value is 500 and the standard deviation is 12, you can say with approximately a 95 percent confidence rating which of the following?
A. The activity will take from 488 to 512 days.
B. The activity will take from 464 to 536 days.
C. The activity will take from 494 to 506 days.
D. The activity will take from 476 to 524 days.
D. There is a 95 percent probability that the work will finish within plus or minus two standard deviations. The expected value is 500, and the standard deviation times 2 is 24, so the activity will take from 476 to 524 days.