CAP Formative corrections Flashcards

1
Q

green nipple discharge in smokers indicates what

A

duct ectasia

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2
Q

what does Xanthochromic CSF indicate the presence of

A

presence of blood

seen in subarachnoid haemorrhage

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3
Q

how does a bacterial infection affect glucose levels in CSF

A

it lowers glucose levels as it uses up the glucose as an energy source

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4
Q

what causes raised neutrophils on CSF

A

bacterial infection

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5
Q

what causes raised lymphocytes on CSF

A

viral and TB meningitis

MS

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6
Q

which personality disorder is defined as faking illness for secondary gain

A

malingering

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7
Q

which hepatitis are most over 60’s in the UK immune to

A

Hep A

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8
Q

what NT is reduced in withdrawal from sedative-hypnotic drugs

A

reduced GABA

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9
Q

which mental illness has an excessive activation of dopamine

A

schizophrenia

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10
Q

a lesion where would cause nominal aphasia

A

angular gyrus

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11
Q

which 3 features are essential for a diagnosis of delirium

A
  1. acute onset
  2. inattention with fluctuating course
  3. drowsiness/ disorganised thinking
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12
Q

the COCP is contraindicated over what BMI

A

39

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13
Q

which 2 medications improve survival in Chronic congestive heart failure

A
  1. ACEi

2. beta blockers

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14
Q

in which infections are atypical mononuclear cells most often seen

A

acute viral infections - usually EBV

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15
Q

which 2 veins is the venous angle between

A

the subclavian vein

the internal jugular

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16
Q

which venous angle does the thoracic duct drain to

A

the Left venous angle

17
Q

where does blood drain from anterior and posterior intercostal veins respectively

A

anterior intercostal - drains into internal thoracic vein

posterior intercostal - drains into the azygous vein

18
Q

true or false - all pregnant woman are recommended to take folic acid 0.4mg AND vit D 0.1mg

A

TRUE!

TAKE YER VIT D AS WELL

19
Q

which artery may be damaged in removal of a Bartholin’s abscess

A

internal pudendal artery

20
Q

which investigation should be done before starting lithium

A

U and E’s - it can cause renal impairment

21
Q

on the OCP, when are additional precautions required

A

if 2 or more pills are missed

22
Q

metabolic syndrome is associated with which class of drug and what are its features

A

atypical antipsychotics

hypertension
hypercholesterolemia
insulin resistance

increases risk of MI

23
Q

where do the antibodies target in MG and Lambert eaton syndrome

A

MG - post synaptic ACh receptors

LES- pre synaptic calcium channels

24
Q

where in the brain is affected 1st in Alzheimer’s disease

A

nucleus basalis of meynert

25
what is significant about the nucleus basalis of meynert
it is affected 1st in Alzheimer's disease it is the main source of cholinergic projection sot the rest of the brain
26
what is one of the main pathalogical problems with Alzheimer's disease
lack of ACh
27
where does multiple myeloma commonly cause bone pain
the ribs and spine
28
what should be measured before starting the COCP
BMI and BP
29
what is tested to assess ovarian reserve
anti-mullerian hormone
30
what test is best to monitor heparin
APTT
31
what is a contraindication for HRT
active or recent arterial thromboembolic disease (eg- angina or MI)
32
what is the best test to definitively diagnose sickle cell disease
Hb high performance liquid chromatography
33
treatment for gohnorrea
IM ceftriexone