Cannabis

Question 1

What is the Type 1 endocannabinoid receptor?

Answer 1

G coupled protein receptor and most abundant in the CNS

Question 2

What is the CB1R activated by?

Answer 2

2-AG and AEA, THC and spice

Question 3

What is CB1R inactivated by?

Answer 3

rimonabant and CBD

Question 4

Where are CB2R receptors expressed?

Answer 4

immunomodulatory cells

Question 5

What is CB2R activated by?

Answer 5

2-Ag and AEA, THC, CBD

Question 6

What is CB2R inhibited by?

Answer 6

Sr144528

Question 7

What are the three orphan receptors?

Answer 7

GPR55, GPR18 and GPR119

Question 8

Where is GPR55 expressed and what compounds activate it?

Answer 8

expressed in immune cells and osteoclasts, activated by THC

Question 9

Where is GPR18 expressed and what is it activated by?

Answer 9

expressed in microglia and activated by THC and CBD

Question 10

Where is GPR119 expressed and what is it activated by?

Answer 10

expressed in pancreas and gut, activated by derivatives of 2-Ag and AEA

Question 11

What is TRPV1?

Answer 11

ligand gated Ca2+ channel expressed on central and peripheral nociceptive neurons

Question 12

What compounds activate TRPV1?

Answer 12

activated by AEA and capsaicin

Question 13

What is 2-AG synthesized from and broken down into?

Answer 13

DAGL
MAGL, ABHD-6/12

Question 14

What are the broad categories that CB1R activation impacts

Answer 14

memory, anxiety, pain perception, temperature, appetite and metabolism, and the reproductive system

Question 15

What CB1Rs impacts on memory?

Answer 15

impairs long term potentiation, and reduces short term memory, activates neurogenesis

Question 16

What is CB1Rs impact on anxiety?

Answer 16

AEA decreases corticosterone secretion, 2-AG inhibits excessive glucocorticoid release but increases short term depression

Question 17

What is TRPV1s impact on anxiety?

Answer 17

facilitates long term depression

Question 18

What is CB1Rs role in pain perception?

Answer 18

inhibits GABAergic interneuron transmission, which disinhibits descending,
pain-attenuating pathways from the brainstem

Question 19

What is CB1Rs role in temperature?

Answer 19

in other mammals-hypothermia

Question 20

What is TRPV1s role in temperature?

Answer 20

regulates body temperature

Question 21

What is CB1Rs role in appetite?

Answer 21

acute-appetite stimulation, insulin sensitivity, and increases lipogenesis
chronic-reduces appetite
inhibition of CB1R reduces food intake and weight

Question 22

What is CB2Rs role in immune modulation?

Answer 22

increases oligodendrocytes survival and growth, microglial proliferation, Schwann cell survival and growth

Question 23

What is CB1Rs reproductive role in females?

Answer 23

levels rise and fall alongside progesterone which may help initiate menses
expressed on sensory and sympathetic fibres in the uterus

Question 24

What is CB1Rs reproductive role in males?

Answer 24

expressed at high levels on spermatocytes and sperm, excessive use can inhibit sperm maturation and can also inhibit activity of testosterone

Question 25

Why are synthetic cannabinoids very dangerous?

Answer 25

They are full agonists of CB1R instead of partial like THC and CBD

Question 26

What is the bioavailability of smoked or vaped cannabis?

Answer 26

35%

Question 27

What is the bioavailability of sublingual and nasopharyngeal cannabis?

Answer 27

13%

Question 28

What is the duration of action of sublingual or nasopharyngeal cannabis?

Answer 28

very long, still detectable at 8hr

Question 29

What is the bioavailability of oral cannabis?

Answer 29

6%

Question 30

Where does THC concentrate?

Answer 30

adipose tissue, can go into breast milk and lunds

Question 31

Which enzymes metabolize THC?

Answer 31

CYP2C9 or CYP3A4 and CYP2D6

Question 32

What is the main form of excretion for THC?

Answer 32

feces