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Pharmacology > Cancer Chemotherapy > Flashcards

Cancer Chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

Aldesleukin (IL-2)

A

Inc. lymphocyte differentiation and inc NKs: renal cell cancer and metastatic melanoma

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2
Q

Interleukin-11

A

Platelet formation

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3
Q

Filgrastim (G-CSF)

A

Granulocyte formation (marrow recovery)

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4
Q

Sargramostim (GM-CSF)

A

Granulocyte and macrophage recovery

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5
Q

MOPP

A

Mechlorethamine- alkylating agent; Oncovin= inhibitor of microtubules; Procarbazine- alkylating agent; Prednisone- apoptosis inducer

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6
Q

MOPP Toxicity

A

Bone marrow suppression, allergic reaction, infertility, high risk of acute leukemia

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7
Q

ABVD

A

Adriamycin-topoisomerase inhibitor; Bleomicin-free radical producer; Vinblastine- microtubule inhibitor; Dacarbazine-alkylating agent

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8
Q

ABVD Toxicity

A

Hair loss, N/V, myelosuppression, neuropathy

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9
Q

Tumor Lysis Syndrome

A

HYPERKALEMIA (cardiac conduction), HYPERPHOSPHOTEMIA (renal precipitates), HYPOCALCEMIA (renal precipitate, tetany, myopathy), Hyperuricemia/uricosuria (acute uric acid nephropathy)

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10
Q

antimetabolites (CCS)

A

Folate antagonists; pyrimidine analogs; Purine analogs: S phase specific

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11
Q

Folate antagonists

A

Methotrexate; Pemetrexed; 5-Fluorouracil; Capecitabine

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12
Q

Methotrexate

A

ALL; breast cancer; AE: reversible suppression of bone marrow (treated with Leucovorin Rescue); MOA: Reduced folate carrier brings it into the cell uses FPGS enzyme to remain in cells

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13
Q

Pemetrexed

A

Lung Cancer; AE: reversible suppression of bone marrow (treated with Leucovorin Rescue MOA: Same as methotrexate but does not use FPGS enzyme

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14
Q

5-flourouracil

A

Carcinomas of GI; breast cancer; AE: coronary atherosclerosis, alopecia, thrombophlebitis MOA: blocks thymidylate synthase (converts dUMP to dTMP)

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15
Q

Capecitabine

A

Metastatic colorectal cancer AE: coronary atherosclerosis, alopecia, thrombophlebitis MOA: blocks thymidylate synthase (converts dUMP to dTMP)

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16
Q

Leucovorin Rescue

A

active form of vitamin D complexed with folate; enters normal cells but not cancer cells. used with MTX

17
Q

Cytarabine (Ara-C)

A

Pyrimidine analog: liquid tumors; AE myelosuppression

18
Q

6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP)

A

Purine analog: liquid tumors; AE myelosuppression

19
Q

Alkylating Agents (NCCS)

A

Nitrogen Mustards: Nitrosoureas: Platinum compounds: Trazenes
Directly modifies DNA double helix (add alkyl group to DNA)

20
Q

Nitrogen Mustard

A

Cylophosphamide, mechlorethamine, Chlorambucil

21
Q

Cyclophasphamide

A

NHL, ovarian and breast cancer Must be converted in the liver (p-450) AE: bone marrow suppression and Hemorrhagic cystitis

22
Q

Busulfan

A

CML AE: pulmonary fibrosis and hyperpigmentation

alkyl sulfonate

23
Q

Chlorambucil

A

CML AE: bone marrow suppression, hepatotoxicity

24
Q

Nitrosoureas

A

Brain Tumors (very permeable to BBB); Carmustine, Lomustine, Semustine

25
Q

Nitrogen Mustards and Nitrosoureas toxicity

A

Hematopoietic (Granulocyte and platelet suppression); GI (n/v); Gonadal damage (disappearance of testicular germ cells-potentially reversible, amenorrhea-irreversible); Alopecia

26
Q

Platinum Compounds

A 
Cisplatinum, carboplatinum, oxaliplatin, tetraplatin
Testicular Cancer, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer 
Toxicity Renal (ATN), ototoxicity (tinnitus), GI (severe nausea associated w/ chemo trigger zone)
27
Q

Triazenes

A

Methylate DNA, Procarbazine, dacarbazine
Hodgkin lymphoma, Brain tumors, melanoma
Toxicity: bone marrow suppression, sterility, immunosuppression

28
Q

Doxorubicin

A

Topoisomerase II inhibitor, Intercalates in DNA and produces free radicals. (Red Devil)
Hogkin Lymphoma (ABVD), Breast Cancer, Endometrial Cancer, Lung Cancer, Ovarian Cancer
AE: cardiotoxicity

29
Q

Etoposide

A

Binds topoisomerase II
Lung Cancer, Testicular Cancer, Leukemia
AE: BMS

30
Q

Bleomycin

A

Antibiotic, Binds DNA and chelates Iron and generates free radicals, works in G2 phase
Hodgkin Lymphoma (ABVD), Testicular Cancer
AE: Pulmonary Fibrosis

31
Q

Prednisone

A

Triggers apoptosis
CLL, Hodgkin Lymphoma (MOPP)
AE: cushings

32
Q

Plant alkaloids

A

Vinca alkaloids, Taxanes

Inhibit normal microtubule functioning

33
Q

Vincristin (MOPP) and vinblastin (ABVD)

A

Blocks polymerization of microtubles, M-phase specific

Hodgkin Lymphoma, Wilms Tumor, Choriocarcinoma, Neuroblastoma
AE: Neurotoxicity, Paralytic ileus, BMS

34
Q

Paclitaxel, Docetaxel

A

Stabilize tubulin

Ovarian cancer, Local breast cancer (adjuvant), met breast cancer, non-small cell lung, Prostate cancer

35
Q

Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors

A

Monoclonal antibodies or small molecules

36
Q

Imatinib

A

BCR-ABL CML, also for gastric carcinoma c-KIT and PDGFR-Alpha

37
Q

Dasatinib

A

New generation of Imatinib

Pharmacology (28 decks)

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