Cancer Chemotherapy 2 Flashcards
What is the MoA of Fluorouracil?
Inhibits thymidylate synthase, decreasing DNA synthesis
Incorporated into DNA and RNA
CCNS
What are the unique toxicities of fluoruracil?
Oral and GI ulceration
Stomatitis and diarrhea
What is the MoA of Cytarabine?
Inhibits DNA Pol a
CCS - S phase
What is the MoA of Gemcitabine?
Inhibits DNA synthesis via many mechanisms
Active form is dFdCTP
CCNS
What are the adenosine deaminase inhibitors?
Pentostatin
Cladribine
Fludarabine
What is the MoA and use of adenosine deaminase inhibitors?
Causes build up of adenosine and deoxyadenosine nucleotides decreases DNA synthesis
Hairy cell leukemia and other leukemias and lymphomas
What is the MoA of vinca alkaloids?
Bind specifically to soluble tubulin, blocking polymerization
CCS - M phase
What are the unique toxicities of vinca alkaloids?
Peripheral neuropathy
Alopecia
Nephrogenic SIADH
What is the Moa of Yew alkaloids?
Paclitaxel/Docetaxel
Prevents microtubule depolymerization
CCS - M phase
What is the unique toxicity of yew alkaloids?
Peripheral neuropathy
What is the MoA of Mitotane?
Blocks hormone productiong by the adrenal gland, destroys both adrenal cancer cells and healthy cells
What are the side effects of mitotane?
Fatigue and nausea
What is the MoA of Interferons?
Inhibits tumors by regulating host immune system of patient
CCNS
What cancers is prednisone for?
Hodgkin’s disease
Acute leukemias
Relapsed hairy cell leukemia
Manage hemolytic anemia
What is the MoA of progestins?
Used in hormone responsive cancers expressing progesterone receptor
What is the MoA of Tamoxifen, toremefine?
Used in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer
What is the MoA of Anti-Adrogens?
Bicalutamide, Flutamide, Nilutamide
Blocks androgen-induced growth
Normally combines with leuprolide (LHRH agonist)
What is the MoA and Unique toxicity of Bevaczimab (Avastin)?
Blocks VegF and prevents angiogenesis
ADR: Impaired wound healing, hemorrhage, thrombosis
What is the MoA and unique toxicity of Denusomab?
Blocks Rank-rank ligand in bone
ADR: Dermatitis, propensity for infections
What is the MoA and unique toxicity of Trastuzumab?
Blocks Her2/c-Neu
Hepatotoxicity, Pulmonary toxicity, rash
What is the MoA and unique toxicity of Rituximab?
Blocks CD20 on B-cells
Headache, fever, diarrhea
What is the R-CHOP regimen?
First line treatment of B-cell Non-hodgkin lymphoma
Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristien, Prednisolone
What is the MoA, use, and toxicity of Ipilimumab and Tremelimumab?
Blocks CTLA4
Metastatic melanoma
Colitis, Diarrhea, Skin rash
What is the MoA, use, and toxicity of Nivolumab and Pembrolizumab?
Blocks PD-1
Metastatic melanoma
Fatigue, colitis, rash
What is the MoA of Imatinib?
Blocks Bcr-Abl kinase
What is the MoA of erlotinib and ggefitinib?
Blocks EGFR signaling
What is the MoA of Crizotinib?
Blocks ALK-1 kinase
What is the MoA of Venetoclax and its use?
Binds to Bcl-2 and inhibits its anti-apoptotic activity
Refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What are the HDAC inhibitors?
Vorinostat and Romidepsin
What is the MoA of Olaparib?
Inhibits PARP-1, impairing the DNA repair process
What is amirubicin?
Anthracycline
Reduced cardiotoxicity
What is Fluvestrant?
ER blocker, lacks partial estrogen activity
Used for estrogen responsive cancers
What is abraxane?
Intravenous nanoparticle
Cremophor-free
What is picoplatin?
Organic platinum containing chemotherapy
Doesn’t cause platinum resistance
