cancer and tumours

Question 1

define cancer

Answer 1

when cancerous cells divide indefinitely and invade surrounding tissues

Question 2

what is a tumour?

Answer 2

a growth of abnormal cancerous cells

Question 3

when does a tumour form?

Answer 3

when the genes that regulate mitosis and cell cycle, are damaged

Question 4

how is a tumour formed?

Answer 4

> the DNA in a normal cell mutates
the mutated cell continues to divide and doesn’t die
cell divides rapidly and uncontrollably
cell division continues and primary tumour forms
tumour/cells split
tumour cells get transported into the blood to form a secondary tumour

Question 5

list some treatments of cancer?

Answer 5

> chemotherapy
radiotherapy
stop cell division by blocking the cell cycle

Question 6

how does chemotherapy work?

Answer 6

> by preventing DNA from replicating (e.g - cisplatin)
by stopping the spindle fibres forming in metaphase (e.g - vinka alkaloids)