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shelf pharm > cancer > Flashcards

cancer Flashcards

1
Q

what do cell cycle specific drugs work on

A

more effective in tumors with high growth fractions. leulemias and lymphomas.

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2
Q

what do the cell cycle nonspecific drugs work on the best

A

they can be used in either high growth rate or low.

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3
Q

what phase do the antimetabolites target

A

S phase

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4
Q

what phase do the microtubule inhibitors target

A

M phase

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5
Q

cyclophosphomide

A

alkylating agent. binds G7 guanine causing dysfunctional DNA. forms an active metabolite that causes hemorrhagic cystitis.

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6
Q

uses of cyclophosphamide

A

nonhodgkin, ovarian, breast cancer, neuroblastoma.

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7
Q

SE of cyclophosphamide

A

BMS. hemorrhagic cystitis (bloody urine)

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8
Q

what is the antidote for hemorrhagic cystitis

A

mensa

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9
Q

cisplatin

A

alkylating agent.

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10
Q

uses of cisplatin

A

testicular, ovarian, bladder, lung.

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11
Q

SE of cisplatin

A

nephrotoxic, neurotoxic, worst for N/V.

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12
Q

what do we use for the NV in cisplatin treatment

A

odansetron

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13
Q

what do we use for the nephrotoxicity in cisplatin

A

amifostine

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14
Q

procarbazine

A

alkylating agent

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15
Q

uses for procarbazine

A

hodgkins

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16
Q

SE for procarbazine

A

BMS and leukemogenic

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17
Q

doxirubicin

A

antibiotic, forms radicals, inhibits topoisomerase

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18
Q

uses of doxirunicin

A

hodgkins, breast, endometrial, lung, ovarian.

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19
Q

SE of doxirubicin

A

BMS and cardiotoxicity.

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20
Q

what is the antidote to the cardiotoxicity of doxirubicin

A

dexrazoxane iron chelator

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21
Q

methotrexate

A

CCS. antimetabolite inhibits DHF. s phase.

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22
Q

use of methotrexate

A

leukemias, lymphoma, breast, RA, and psoriasis

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23
Q

SE of methotrexate

A

BMS

24
Q

what is the antidote to the BMS in methotrexate

A

leucovorin (folinic acid)

25
Q

5-fluorouracil/capecitibine

A

pyrimidine analog antimetabolite. inhibits thymidine synthase activation

26
Q

use of 5Fu

A

breast, ovarian, head and neck cancers, topical for basal cell and karposi sarcoma and keritoses. colorectal cancer.

27
Q

6 mercaptopurine

A

purine antimetabolite. bioactivated by HGPR transferase.

28
Q

use for 6 mercaptopurine

A

acute lymphocytic leukemia, immunosuppression.

29
Q

SE of 6mP

A

BMS.

30
Q

what is the most important interaction with 6 MP to be aware of?

A

allopurinol will increase the amount of 6MP because it inhibits XO the enzyme responsible for its metabolism.

31
Q

bleomycin

A

complexes with iron and O2 to cause DNA strand scission in the G2 phase.

32
Q

uses of bleomycin

A

hodgkins, testicular, head, neck, skin cancer

33
Q

SE of bleomycin

A

pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonitis.

34
Q

vinblastine/vincristine

A

decrease the polymerization of microtubules. they are spindle poisons. M phase.

35
Q

uses of vinblastine

A

hodgkins, testicular, karposi.

36
Q

what are the uses of vincristine

A

hodgkins, leukemia, wilms.

37
Q

SE of vinblastine

A

BMS

38
Q

SE of vincristine

A

neurotoxicity, peripheral neuropathy.

39
Q

all trans retinoic acid

A

differentiating med. promotes the differentiation of promyelocytes.

40
Q

use for ATRA

A

AML

41
Q

SE of ATRA

A

differentiation syndrome with respiratory distress. pleural and pericardial effusions. CNS symptoms.

42
Q

what drugs cause renal toxcity

A

cisplatin and methotrexate

43
Q

what drugs cause pulmonary toxicity

A

bleomycin, procarbizine. busulfan

44
Q

what drugs causes cardiac toxicity

A

doxirubicin and dauorubicin

45
Q

what drugs cause neurologic tox

A

vincristine and cisplatin

46
Q

what drugs are immunosuppressive

A

cyclophos and methotrexate

47
Q

what is the unique toxicity for cyclophosphamide and the antidote

A

hemorrhagic cystitis and mENSA

48
Q

what is the unique SE for procarbazine

A

leukemia

49
Q

what does aspariginase causes

A

pancreatitis

50
Q

what is the DOC for organ or tissue transplant

A

cyclosporine

51
Q

what is the back up drug for liver/renal transplant

A

tacrolimus

52
Q

what do we use in combination for cyclosporin to limit its toxicity

A

mycophenolate

53
Q

SE of cyclosporin and tacrolimus and what do we use to combat

A

nephrotoxic. we use mannitol to combat

54
Q

what is another SE for cyclosporin

A

gingival hyperplasia and peripheral neuropathy

55
Q

azothiaprine

A

immunosuppressant converted to 6MP. used for kidney transplant and autoimmunity. w

56
Q

what do we watch out for when using azothioprine

A

allopurinol reaction! since it is metabolized to 6MP

shelf pharm (20 decks)

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