Camelid Pathogens

Question 1

Choanal atresia

Answer 1

alpaca congenital defect. It occurs when the normal opening between the nasal and pharyngeal areas is blocked by membranous tissue and/or bone. Signs of this condition are labored breathing, prolonged and difficult expiration, open-mouthed breathing, choking and gagging while nursing, cyanosis, weakness, lack of weight gain, and aerophagia. Euthanasia is typically recommended; prognosis is poor even with surgical correction. These animals frequently have additional congenital abnormalities such as polydactyly, cardia, renal, or reproductive organ defects.

Question 2

Parelaphostrongylus tenuis

Answer 2

Meningeal worm in alpacas and llamas (aberrant hosts), definitive host is the white-tailed deer. Clinical signs: hypermetria, ataxia, stiffness, muscle weakness, posterior paresis, paralysis, arching neck, and circling. generally begin in the hind limbs and progress to the front limbs. Eosinophilia in the CSF fluid.

Question 3

Whipworms in camels

Answer 3

Camels are highly susceptible to whipworm infections. Whipworm is suspected to be the most common cause of diarrhea in adult camels in the U.S. Ivermectin, which is so commonly used, is not typically effective against whipworms which has developed a resistance over time. Panacur is the most effective and safe dewormer for whipworms in camels.