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NAVLE By Topic > Bloods ect. > Flashcards

Bloods ect. Flashcards

1
Q

Avian blood volume

A

Safe to take 1% or BW

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2
Q

Base deficit

A

0.3 or 0.4 x BW x Deficit

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3
Q

Blood lactate

A

Reflects anaerobic metabolism. Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis and is also converted to lactate under anaerobic conditions.

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4
Q

Bloods of cat with upper GI obstruction

A

Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis

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5
Q

Chediak-Higaski Syndrome

A

type of thrombocytopathy

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6
Q

Chylothorax

A

triglyceride content higher in effusion than that of serum. Presence of chylomicrons, cholesterol content greater than or equal to serum, and a positive ether clearance test are also supportive of chylothorax

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7
Q

Circulating life span of cat red blood cell

A

68-70 Days

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8
Q

Circulating life span of cow red blood cell

A

160 days

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9
Q

Circulating life span of dog platelet cell

A

5-7 days

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10
Q

Circulating life span of dog red blood cell

A

110 Days

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11
Q

Circulating life span of dog white blood cell

A

5-9 hours

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12
Q

Circulating life span of horse red blood cell

A

145

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13
Q

Circulating life span of human red blood cell

A

120 Days

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14
Q

Circulating life span of pig red blood cell

A

86

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15
Q

Circulating life span of sheep red blood cell

A

150

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16
Q

Cyclic hematopeiesis

A

type of thrombocytopathy

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17
Q

Delta-granule

A

type of thrombocytopathy

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18
Q

End point of Warfarin Therapy

A

Prothrombin time of 1.5-2x normal

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19
Q

Heinz body anemia

A

Schistocytes - shear injury - ex. ruptured splenic mass

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20
Q

Hemophilia A

A

Affect animals usually have less than 10% of Factor VIII and have prolonged ACT and APTT. The disease commonly affects dogs and cats and mostly only males, since it is an X-linked recessive trait. Females with the gene for the disease are usually unaffected carriers unless they were the offspring of an affected male and a carrier female. Treatment of choice to stop a bleeding event is fresh plasma or frozen plasma.

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21
Q

high HCO3

A

metabolic alkalosis

22
Q

high PaCO2

A

respiratory acidosis or hypoventialtion

23
Q

high-dose dexamethasone suppression test

A

used when the patient has been confirmed with Cushing’s disease by means of the low dose test, but the low dose test has not clearly differentiated the type of Cushing’s disease that is present.
A reduction in cortisol levels at 4 and/or 8 hours after either dose of dexamethasone, then we have diagnosed pituitary origin Cushing’s disease. If the levels don’t budge from the high values of the pre-injection sample, then the diagnosis is adrenal origin.

24
Q

Hyperadrenocorticism

A

low BUN secondary to increased diuresis that occurs with elevated cortisol levels. ALT increase due to swelling hepatocytes. SAP increases due to a steroid induced isoenzyme of SAP from the liver. Mild cholestasis due to swelling of hepatocytes also contributes to minor part of the increase in SAP. Cholesterol is elevated in up to 90% of hyperadrenocorticism cases.

25
Q

Hypovalemic

A

normal CVP is 0-10 cmH2O, -5 to 5 is considered hypovolemic

26
Q

Llama

A

oval erythrocytes

27
Q

low HCO3

A

metabolic acidosis

28
Q

low PaCO2

A

respiratory alkalosis or hyperventilation

29
Q

low-dose dexamethasone suppression test

A

used to screen for the presence of hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing’s disease) and in many cases, it will differentiate the type of Cushing’s disease that is present

30
Q

P2Y12 Receptor Mutations

A

type of thrombocytopathy

31
Q

pH

A

indicates primary acidemia and alkalemia

32
Q

Scott Syndrome

A

type of thrombocytopathy

33
Q

septic peritoneal effusion

A

concentration difference >20 mg/dL between blood and peritoneal fluid glucose concentration (peritoneal fluid being less than blood)

34
Q

Storage Pool Disease

A

type of thrombocytopathy

35
Q

Stress leukogram

A

Mild neutrophilia along with lymphopenia and monocytosis.

36
Q

Test for selenium deficiency

A

Glutathione peroxidase: activity of this enzyme is very low in selenium-deficient animals resulting in free radical damage.

37
Q

Thrombocytopathia

A

type of thrombocytopathy

38
Q

Type 1 Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia

A

type of thrombocytopathy

39
Q

Von Willebrands

A

Genetic in Doberman Pinchers

pre-treat with desmopressin for operations

40
Q

Hypoadrenocorticism

A

Classic laboratory finding includes hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, azotemia, anemia, acidosis, hypoglycemia, and of course a low resting cortisol level or low ACTH stimulation test result.

41
Q

Pulmonary thromboembolism in SA

A

commonly caused by heartworm disease

42
Q

Circulating life span of avian red blood cell

A

28-45 days

43
Q

Extrahepatic biliary obstruction

A

A decrease in bile will result in less absorption of Vitamin K which results in decrease availability of coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X. To detect the abnormality, a prothrombin times (PT) may be recommended as factor VII has the shortest half-life and PT will thus be prolonged.

44
Q

Template Bleeding Time (TBT)

A

test that determines the functional ability of platelets to plug a minute wound

45
Q

Buccal mucosal bleeding test

A

test that determines the functional ability of platelets to plug a minute wound

46
Q

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)

A

determine if there are deficiencies int he coagulation factors and no not assess platelet function

47
Q

Prothrombin Time (PT)

A

determine if there are deficiencies int he coagulation factors and no not assess platelet function

48
Q

Antithrombin activity

A

Sometimes measured when DIC is a concern but is not used to evaluate platelet function

49
Q

Major cross match in Cat

A

donor red blood cells vs. recipient plasma

50
Q

Minor cross match

A

donor plasma vs. recipient cells

51
Q

Uroperitoneum in foal electrolyte imbalances

A

Hyperkalemia, Hyponatremia, Hypochloremia

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