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Rotation > Calf disbudding and colostrum > Flashcards

Calf disbudding and colostrum Flashcards

1
Q

It is a legal requirment that calves be disbudded before they are ….days old

A

28

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2
Q

If a calf is older than 2 weeks it needs a …. before disbudding

A

anaesthetic

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3
Q

What are the recommended way to do disbudding? (2 things)

A
  • use a LA
  • give NSAIDs
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4
Q

Why is it advantageous to give NSAIDs at time of disbudding?

A

They will keep appetite - so growth rate will be kept up

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5
Q

How many mls of LA do you inject for disbudding?

A

4-5mls

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6
Q

steps involved in disbudding

A

1- put calf in a crush
2- inject LA (in the divet between the lateral canthus and the horn bud)
3- preheat disbudding iron
4- give NSAIDs behind the elbow
5- test LA has worked by putting needle into the horn and test for sensitivity
6- use aluminium spray to keep flies off

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7
Q

caustic paste can be used for disbudding when calved are less than …week old

A

less than one week old

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8
Q

what types of disbudding irons do you have?

A
  • gas
  • propane
  • electric
  • cauterising
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9
Q

How long will the local last?

A

90min

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10
Q

Which nerve are we dissensitising with the LA for disbudding?

A

The cornual nerve

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11
Q

why do we draw back when we inject LA into the cornual nerve?

A

vein runs near cornual nerve

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12
Q

Can farmers do disbudding themselves?

A

Yes

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13
Q

Can farmers do dishorning themselves?

A

No, that is a vet job

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14
Q

Why do we disbud?

A
  • better to do earlier as cheaper, quicker and easier than dehorning later
  • for the safety of other animals and human handlers
  • unhorned and horned cattle generally cannot be transported together
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15
Q

What is the industry doing to avoid disbudding?

A
  • breeding for polled animals
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16
Q

can disbudding be done at any time of year?

A

Yes

17
Q

Can dehorning be done at any time of year?

A

No- shouldnt be done at times when there are alot of flies (summer)

18
Q

What breeds do not have horns naturally?

A
  • Hereford
  • aberdeen Angus
  • Belted Galloways
19
Q

Colostrum needs to be given at what times and what quantity after birth?

A

within 2h- 3L
12h after - 3L

Legal requirement is 3L within 6h

20
Q

How can you feed colostrum?

A
  • bottle
  • tube feeding
21
Q

What can you test / look for to assess colostrum intake?

A
  • IgG (atleast 10)
  • TP (atleast 50)
22
Q

What is the minimum Brix refractometer reading for colostrum?

A

22%

23
Q

What % of body weight should be aim for in terms of colostrum intake?

A

10% of calfs’ body weight

24
Q

TP is made of what?

A
  • albumin
  • globulin
25
Q

Albumin will go up if calf is…

A

dehydrated

26
Q

Which has the best colostrum?

A

Jerseys - produce less quantity but high quantity of IgG

27
Q

How can you store colostrum?

A
  • freezer - 1 year
  • fridge - 24h
28
Q

Why only freeze colostrum for 1 year?

A
  • as the pathogens the calf will be exposed to will have changed
29
Q

Can you pasteurise colostrum?

A
  • Yes- there is a specific setting.
30
Q

Does pasteurisation improve the quality of colostrum?

A

not necessarily

31
Q

Why is it important to not overheat colostrum?

A
  • it will denature the proteins
32
Q

Does bought powdered colostrum contain same amount of IgG

A
  • no fluctuates greatly- some don’t even say how much IgG it contains !
33
Q

What are the 6 Qs of colostrum?

A

1- Quantity
2- Quality
3- Quickly
4- Quantify
5- Quietly
6- Qlean

34
Q

Why is “quietly” important for colostrum?

A
  • if stress level increase—> cortisol—> immunosuppression
35
Q

If you have good quality colostrum and bad quality colostrum- who will you preferably give the good quality colostrum to?

A
  • give good quality to the young, and less quality to older calves as contains less IgG but still contains minerals and other components
36
Q

Which disease are we worried about with regards to pooled colostrum?

A

Johnes disease

37
Q

Can you find Johnes in the milk/colostrum?

A

no- but udders get contaminated with faeces (faecal-oral transmission)

38
Q

Johnes may be linked to which human disease?

A

Crohnes

39
Q

Pasteurisation makes low quality or
highly contaminated colostrum fit to feed. True or False

A

False- pasteurisation doesn’t improve.

Rotation (11 decks)

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