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Rotation > Bovine diseases > Flashcards

Bovine diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Neospora can lead to what cx

A
  • abortion
  • calves will have brain disease at birth
  • Still birth or premature calf
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2
Q

What agents cause Leptospirosis?

A

Leptospira Hardjo and Leptospira Pomona

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3
Q

How long can Leptospira survive in the environment?

A

can survive for weeks in water and soil

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4
Q

What animals are affected by Leptospira?

A

rats, cows, goats and sheep

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5
Q

Leptospira affects which body system?

A

urogenital tract

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6
Q

Is Leptospira zoonotic?

A

YES

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7
Q

What clinical signs can be seen with Leptospirosis in cows?

A
  • abortion (6-12 weeks after the initial infection)
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8
Q

Does Lepto affect calves or/and adult cows?

A

Just adult cows

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9
Q

What kind of virus is BVDv?

A

a pestivirus

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10
Q

BVDv affects which animals?

A

cattle and some ruminant species

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11
Q

Which body systems does BVD affect?

A
  • lymphoreticular
  • reproduction
  • GI (enteritis)
  • skin (mucosal disease)
  • lower respiratory
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12
Q

Is there vertical transmission in BHV?

A

no

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13
Q

Is there vertical transmission in Lepto?

A

yes

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14
Q

Is there vertical transmission with BVD?

A

yes

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15
Q

How is BHV spread?

A
  • semen of infected bull
  • respiratory secretions
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16
Q

Some clinical signs of BHV?

A
  • nasal and ocular discharge
  • IBR (tracheitis)
  • conjunctivitis
  • pyrexia
  • coughing
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17
Q

Clinical signs of BVD

A
  • may show FEW cx
  • immunosuppression
  • abortion or PI or mummification (depends when it affects pregnancy)
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18
Q

What is mucosal disease?

A
  • a fatal form of BVD infection in persistently infected calves leading to profuse enteritis
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19
Q

How do you test for lepto?

A

maternal and foetal serology

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20
Q

How do you test for BHV?

A

Take milk antibody titres

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21
Q

How do you treat BHV?

A

supportive care ie NSAIDs, you could also vaccinate DIVA the cows without symptoms

22
Q

How do you control for BHV?

A
  • prevent recrudescence (ie. decrease stress)
  • vaccinate with the DIVA vaccines
  • reduce nose to nose contact
  • accredited free
  • Vaccinated monitored free
23
Q

What kind of treatment is available for BHV?

A
  • supportive treatment
24
Q

What kind of antibiotic may you use in Leptospirosis?

A

Historically streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin as does not come up in Ab testing of milk- but should use oxytet and amoxicillin!

25
Q

What should you do with PI (BVD)

A
  • remove them from herd as soon as possible
26
Q

Can you treat BVD or acute mucosal disease

A

no treatment, can give supportive tx like NSAIDs and fluids?

27
Q

How can you test for BVD in a herd?

A
  • test bulk milk tank every 3 months
28
Q

How do you control for BVD?

A
  • ear tags, take a bit of tissue and test for BVD antigen
  • vaccinate for BVD
  • monitor bulk milk tank
  • cull PIs
29
Q

What causes Johnes disease?

A

MAP *mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis

30
Q

Is Johnes disease zoonotic?

A

No but may be linked to Crohne’s disease in humans

31
Q

MAP can survive in the environment for how long?

A

18months

32
Q

When do you typically see clinical signs of Johnes in cattle?

A

2-5 years old

33
Q

BVD- horizontal or vertical transmission?

A

both

34
Q

Johnes disease- horizontal or vertical transmission?

A

Both

35
Q

clinical signs of Johnes

A

pipestream diarrhoea
wasting/ weight loss despite good appetite
if it leads to PLE—> bottle jaw

36
Q

What is the tx for Johnes disease?

A

No treatment - need to cull!

37
Q

Johnes disease can lead to another disease…

A

Protein losing enteropathy–> bottle jaw

38
Q

What is the type of agent that causes Neospora ?

A

Neospora Caninum- protozoa

39
Q

What species are affected by Neospora Caninum?

A

cattle and dogs

40
Q

What body system does Neospora Caninum affect?

A

the reproductive tract

41
Q

What body system does Johnes affect?

A

the GI

42
Q

Is Neospora zoonotic?

A

No

43
Q

How is Neospora Caninum spread?

A

infected faeces, placental tissues and in utero

44
Q

What stage of gestation does Neospora Caninum affect causing abortion?

A

mid gestation (6 months)

45
Q

vertical or horizontal transmission in Neospora Caninum?

A

both

46
Q

Is there any treatment for Neospora?

A

no

47
Q

How do you prevent Neospora Caninum from infecting cattle?

A

Keep cattle food and water away from canids, dispose of placental membranes and aborted fetuses and dead calves properly, cull seropositve cows or breed them to beef bulls

48
Q

Can you vaccinate for Lepto?

A

Yes

49
Q

Why do we want to vaccinate for Lepto if cows get better by themselves.

A

because it is zoonotic!

50
Q
A

Rotation (11 decks)

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