Calcium Salts Flashcards
1
Q
Therapeutic Classification
A
Calcium supplement
2
Q
Pharmacologic Classification
A
Drugs for replacement of deficient calcium levels
3
Q
Mechanism of action
A
- Restore normal serum levels of calcium, which promotes deposition of mineral in bone
4
Q
Pregnancy Category
A
B or C (in high doses)
5
Q
Indications
A
- Hypocalcemia
- Osteoporosis
- Paget’s disease (bone demineralization)
- Rickets
- Lactation
- Osteomalacia (weak bones)
- Chronic hypoparathyroidism
6
Q
Contraindications
A
- Ventricular fibrillation, metastatic bone disease, or renal calculi
- Hypercalcemia, hyperparathyroidism, or digoxin toxicity
7
Q
Precautions
A
- Renal or cardiac insufficiency
- Diarrhea
- Dysrhythmias
- Dehydration
- Sarcoidosis
- Kidney stones
- Hyperphosphatemia
8
Q
Drug Interactions
A
- Digoxin, magnesium, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, verapamil, and other calcium channel blockers
- Alcohol, caffeine
- Zinc-rich foods ( nuts, legumes, seeds)
- Foods containing oxalic acid (spinach, beets)
9
Q
Adverse Effects
A
- Constipation
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Metallic taste
10
Q
Serious Adverse Effects
A
- Hypercalcemia
- Dysrhythmias
- Cardiac arrest
- Confusion
- Delirium
- Stupor
- Coma
11
Q
Nursing Responsibilities
A
- Assess for signs of calcium imbalance
- Obtain baseline and periodic vital signs, serum calcium levels, and ECG
- Obtain complete patient hx
- Investigate hx of fractures
- Administer IV calcium salts slowly
- Monitor electrolyte levels during therapy
12
Q
Patient/Family Teaching
A
- Take slats w/ meals or soon after
- Report drowsiness, fatigue, lethargy, headache, loss of appetite, vomiting, increased urination, thirst, facial twitching, weakness in extremities, muscle spasms, seizures
