C27, Bacteria Flashcards
What is gram + vs. gram negative bacteria
Gram + has simpler walls and have a lot of peptidoglycan
Gram neg, have more complex walls, less peptidoglycan
Which is stronger, gram positive or negative. Why?
Gram negative is more strong, because it has 2 cell walls and less peptidoglycan. So its more antibiotic resistant.
What is the difference between an autotroph vs. heterotroph?
Autotrophs take in CO2 (inorganic compounds) and heterotrophs take in hydrocarbons (organic compounds)
What are the types of autotrophs? What is their energy source?
Photoautotrophs: consume light and CO2 to MAKE food. Do photosynthesis
Chemoautotrophs: use energy from chemical reactions to make food
Types of heterotrophs? What are their energy sources
photoheterotroph: use light for energy but cannot use carbon dioxide as their carbon source.
chemoheterotroph:get their energy by oxidation of preformed organic compounds
Which type are humans and plants?
plants: photoautotrophs, humans: chemoheterotroph.
What do transduction, transformation, conjugation have in common?
All create genetic variation in prokaryotes
What is genetic recombination?
how DNA passes from parent to child
What is transduction?
DNA is accidentally moved from one bacteria to another by a virus.
What is conjugation?
DNA is transferred between bacteria through a tube between cells.
What is binary fission?
When bacteria splits into 2 to make an identical copy.
Reproduce very often. How bacteria reproduces
Transformation?
When bacteria picks up plasmids from its environment
What are shapes of bacteria
Cocci=circle
Bacilli=rod
Spiral=spiral
What is the F-factor in conjugation?
the donor bacteria has the F-factor, which allows for it to create a tube to pass DNA through to the other bacteria
What are R plasmids
Are plasmids that carry genes for antibiotic resistance
