C18 Respiratory System Flashcards
Memorize
What is the difference between the larynx and pharynx?
Larynx: part of the airway and the vocal apparatus
Pharynx: muscular tub behind the oral and Nas cavities, commonly called the throat
How is CO2 carried in blood?
Most CO2 is carried by the bicarbonate ion in blood
Where is the respiratory center?
Medulla oblongota/brainstem
Where does gas exchange occur?
Within the alveoli
What is surfactant?
It lowers surface tension of the alveoli
What are the layers of the lungs?
Parietal pleura: lines the chest
Visceral pleura: on the surface of the lungs
Pleural cavity: potential space between pleura
Serous fluid: prevents friction and keeps pleura together
What fluid is found in the pleural cavity?
Serious fluid found Visceral and parietal pleura, provides lube to allow the lungs to move during inflation/deflation
What is active expiration?
Expiration that uses the rectus abdominals and intercoastals during exercise, coughing, etc
What is inspiration?
Active process which requires the diaphragm and intercoastals to contract
What is expiration?
A passive process where the diaphragm stops contacting
What is tidal volume?
Air that is moving in/out while breathing
What is inspiratory reserve volume?
Extra air you can breath in after a breath in
What is expiratory reserve volume?
Extra air you can breath out after a breath out
What is residual volume?
Air left in the lungs after breathing out
What is vital capacity?
Tidal volume + reserve volume
The maximum amount you can breath in/out
What is total lung capacity?
All the air that can get into the lungs
What is the Pons responsible for?
The fine tuner of breathing
What is the hypothalamus responsible for?
Can affect the medullas rhythm based on emotional influences
What is the cerebral cortex responsible for?
Control of breathing for singing and talking
What is carbaminohemoglobin?
Carbon dioxide bound to hemoglobin
